Fasahar Injiniyan Noma ta Mariyar Kayan aikin Noma 202-12-02 17:30 an buga shi a nan birnin Beijing

Treatungiyoyin hasken rana a cikin wuraren da ba su da ba kamar hamada ba kamar ƙasa, ƙasa yashi ta warware rikice-rikice tsakanin abinci da kayan marmari masu fafatawa. Yana ɗayan dalilai masu yanke hukunci don haɓaka da haɓaka amfanin gona na zazzabi, wanda sau da yawa ke ƙayyade nasara ko gazawar samar da amfanin gona na greathouse. Sabili da haka, don samar da green gidajen rana a wuraren da ba su da ba, dole ne mu fara magance matsalar yanayin tsabtace muhalli na greenhouses. A cikin wannan labarin, hanyoyin sarrafa zazzabi da aka yi amfani da su a cikin gidajen ruwan ƙasa marasa tsari a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an taƙaita su, ana bincika matsalolin zazzabi da aka yi amfani da su kuma an taƙaita su.

Kasar Sin tana da yawan jama'a da yawa kuma ƙasa da wadatattun albarkatun ƙasa. Fiye da kashi 85% na albarkatun ƙasa ba su da albarkatun ƙasa marasa ƙarfi, waɗanda suka fi dacewa a arewa maso yamma na ƙasar Sin. Takardar No.1 na kwamitin tsakiya a shekarar 2022 ya nuna cewa ya kamata a kara inganta aikin gona na gidaje, ya kamata a bincika yanayin tsabtace muhalli da sharar gida mai amfani da su don bunkasa aikin gona na yau da kullun. Arewa maso yamma China tana da arziki a hamada, Gobi, tillandland da sauran albarkatun ƙasa da hasken halitta da hasken halitta da kuma albarkatun halitta, wanda ya dace da ci gaban aikin gona. Saboda haka, ci gaba da kuma amfani da albarkatun ƙasa marasa kwai don haɓaka ƙurar gidajen ƙasa marasa ƙarfi yana da mahimmancin mahimmancin tsaro na ƙasa da kuma amfani da rikice-rikicen abinci na ƙasa.

A halin yanzu, ba na hasken rana ba shine babban nau'in cigaban aikin gona mai inganci a ƙasar da ba ta noma ba. A cikin arewa maso yamma na China, Bambancin zazzabi tsakanin rana da rana yana da girma, da yawan zafin jiki da daddare da ƙarancin zafin jiki ya yi ƙasa da haɓakar al'ada da ci gaba albarkatu. Zazzabi yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da muhalli don ci gaba da haɓaka amfanin gona. Yawan zazzabi da zai rage rage yawan ilimin halittar jiki da biochemical da amfanin gona da kuma rage girma da ci gaba. Lokacin da zazzabi ya ƙasa fiye da iyakance cewa albarkatu na iya ɗauka, zai haifar da rauni na daskarewa. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci musamman don tabbatar da yawan zafin jiki da ake buƙata don haɓakar al'ada da haɓaka amfanin gona. Don kula da zazzabi da ya dace na green Greenhouse na rana, ba wani ma'auni ɗaya ne wanda za'a iya magance shi. Yana buƙatar tabbacin daga fannoni na ƙirar ƙirar greenhouse, gini, zaɓi na ƙasa, tsari da aikin yau da kullun. Sabili da haka, wannan labarin zai taƙaita matsayin bincike da ci gaba da sarrafa zafin jiki na rashin amfani da ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa da kuma matakan da ake yi, don samar da tunani na tsari don Tsarin hankali da kuma gudanar da greenhouses marasa greedhofi.

Tsarin Greenhouse da kayan

Yanayin thereral na Greenhouse yafi dogara da watsawa, tsinkaye da kuma kayan aikin na nuna hasken rana, tsari da kayan bango na bango da rufin bango, Tsarin harsashin, girman greenhouse, yanayin rufin dare da kayan gaban rufin gida, da sauransu, da kuma tsarin aikin greenhouse na iya tabbatar da ingancin bukatun ƙirar ƙira.

Haske mai amfani da haske na rufin gaban

Babban makamashi a cikin greenhouse ya fito daga rana. Yana kara karfin watsawa na rufin gaban yana da amfani ga greenhouse don samun zafi sosai, kuma a kuma tushe ne mai mahimmanci don tabbatar da yanayin zafin jiki na greenhouse a cikin hunturu. A halin yanzu, akwai hanyoyi guda uku don ƙara yawan watsa labarai na haske da haske mai karbar lokacin gaban rufin gaban greenhouse.

01 zane mai ma'ana na greenhouse da Azimuth

Onientation na greenhouse yana shafar hasken wasan kwaikwayon na greenhouse da ƙarfin ajiya mai zafi. Sabili da haka, don samun ƙarin zafi mai zafi a cikin greenhouse, jigon da ba shi da katako ba a arewa maso yamma china yana fuskantar kudu. Don takamaiman Azimuth na greenhouse, lokacin zabar kudu zuwa gabas, yana da fa'ida ga "kama rana", kuma zazzabi na gida ya tashi da sauri da safe; Lokacin da aka zaɓi kudu zuwa Yamma, yana da amfani ga greenhouse don yin amfani da hasken yamma. Jagoranci na Kudancin shine sassauci tsakanin yanayin da ke sama. Dangane da ilimin Geophysics, Duniya tana juya 360 ° A ranar, kuma Azimuth na rana yana motsawa kusan 1 ° a kowace mintuna 4. Saboda haka, kowane lokaci Azimuth na greenhouse ya bambanta da 1 °, lokacin hasken rana kai tsaye zai bambanta da kusan minti 4, wato, azimuth na greenhouse yana shafar haske da safe da maraice.

A lokacin da safe da yamma mai haske awanni daidai suke, kuma gabas ko yamma suna a wannan kusurwa, da greenhouse za su sami sa'o'i guda. Koyaya, don yankin Arewa na 37 ° Lauring na Arewa, zazzabi ya ragu da safe, kuma lokacin Qua un undercovering ya makara, yayin da zazzabi ya zama da yawa a yamma da yamma, don haka ya dace in jinkirta lokacin Rufe rufin yanayin zafi. Saboda haka, waɗannan yankunan sun zabi kudu zuwa yamma kuma suna amfani da hasken yamma. Don yankunan da 30 ° ~ 35 ~ Fitar Lauya, saboda mafi kyawun yanayin hasken da safe, lokacin adanawa da kuma rufe kwance kuma yana rufe kwance ko rufe kwance. Saboda haka, waɗannan yankunan su zabi hanyar kudu-gabas don ƙoƙari don ƙarin jinƙan hasken rana na hasken rana don greenhouse. Koyaya, a cikin yankin na 35 ° ~ 37 ° Arewa Arewa, akwai ɗan bambanci a cikin safiya, saboda haka yana da kyau ka zabi yadda zai kuduri. Ko dai ta kudu masola ce ko kuma ta kudu maso yamma, kusurwar karkacewa ce ta 5 ° ~ ~ 8 °, kuma matsakaicin ba zai wuce 10 °. Kasar ta arewa maso gabas ta ta'allaka ne a cikin 37 ° ~ 50 ° Lainth 50 ° arewa latti, saboda haka azimut kusurwa na greenhouse gabaɗaya daga kudu. Ganin wannan, hasken rana kore wanda aka tsara ta Zhang Jingy da da sauransu Zhanguan ya zabi tsarin ƙaddamar da 5 ° zuwa yamma Merridor ya amince da batun na 5 ° zuwa 10 ° zuwa yamma na kudu, da kuma hasken rana Greenhouse da Ma Zhuci ya gina da Ma Zhucian da sauransu. A arewacin Xinjiang Ya dauki matakin farko na 8 m zuwa yamma na kudu.

02 Tsara Tsarin Gudun Formance

Siffar da karkatar da rufin gaban ƙayyade kusurwar da ya faru na rana haskoki. Karamin zangon lamarin, mafi girma transtance. Rana Juren ya yi imanin cewa siffar gaban rufin an ƙaddara shi ne da rabo daga tsawon babban dutsen da gangara. Dogon gangara da gajeren yanki yana da amfani ga hasken wuta da kuma adana zafi na gaban rufin. Chen Wei-QIA-Qian da sauransu suna tunanin cewa babban rufin ruwan tabarau da aka yi amfani da shi a yankin Gobi tare da radius na 4.5m, wanda zai iya tsayayya da sanyi. Zhang JingsHe, da sauransu suna tunanin cewa ya fi dacewa a yi amfani da baka na Semi-Mada Mada Mada Madajina a gaban rufin greenhouse da kuma wuraren tsattsauran ra'ayi. Amma ga kusurwa na gaban rufin gaban, bisa ga hasken yanayin fim ɗin filastik, lokacin da abin da ya faru ya kasance 0 ~ 40 °, duk lokacin da rufin rufin yana ƙarami, kuma idan ya wuce 40 °, Yi magana yana ƙaruwa sosai. Saboda haka, 40 ° an dauki shi azaman matsakaicin kusurwar abin da ya faru don ƙididdige kusurwar karkatar da farjin gaba, don ko da a cikin hunturu zai iya shigar da greenhouse zuwa matsakaicin iyakar. Saboda haka, lokacin zayyana green Green Greenhouse da bai dace da yankunan da ba suyi ba a cikin rufin gaban 40 °, kuma suna tunanin cewa muddin ya fi shekaru 30 °, zai iya biyan bukatun hasken wuta da kuma adana zafi. Zhang Caihong da sauransu suna tunanin cewa idan gina greenhouses a cikin yankunan da ba a yi ba a kudaden da ke arewacin Xinjiang shine 32 °.

03 Zaɓi abubuwan da suka dace a bayyane.

Baya ga tasirin yanayin Radatawar hasken rana, kayan da kuma yanayin watsa yanayin fim ɗin su sune mahimman mahimman abubuwan shaye-tsire masu zafi. A halin yanzu, hasken wutar Transrittance na filastik finafinan kamar PE, PVC, Eva da POS ne daban saboda daban-daban kayan da ke da kauri. Gabaɗaya magana, hasken wutar Transtritance na fina-finai da aka yi amfani da shi don ya kasance sama da kashi 88% a bisa duka, zazzabi ya kamata a tabbatar da bukatar amfanin gona da zazzabi. Bugu da kari, ban da isar da hasken a cikin greenhouse, rarraba yanayin yanayi mai sauƙi a cikin greenhouse shima yana da wani muhimmin hankali ga. Saboda haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, hasken isar da hasken yana da haske tare da samar da hasken watsawa a cikin arewa masoya hasken rana a arewa maso yamma a arewa maso yamma a arewa maso yamma a arewa maso yamma. Aikace-aikacen inganta watsa fim mai haske ya rage tasirin shading a saman da ƙananan kayan marmari na amfanin gona, kuma ya inganta kyakkyawan yanayin amfanin gona, kuma ya nuna kyakkyawan tasirin ci gaba girma da kara samarwa.

Tsarin ma'ana na girman greenhouse

Tsawon greenhouse yayi tsayi da yawa ko gajere, wanda zai shafi ikon zazzabi na cikin gida. Lokacin da tsawon greenhouse yayi gajarta, kafin fitowar rana da faduwarsa, wanda ba ya dain kan dumama, wanda ba zai iya amfani da karamar girman kai ba, zai shafi kasar gona na cikin gida da bango sha da sakin zafi. Lokacin da tsawon ya yi girma sosai, yana da wuya a sarrafa zazzabi na cikin gida, kuma zai shafi daidaituwar tsarin halittar da sanyi na kiyaye zafi yana ɗaukar injin. Tsayin da spin of the greenhous kai tsaye shafi hasken rana na gaban rufin gaba, girman sararin samaniya da rufi rabo. Lokacin da aka gyara yanayin da tsawon greenhouse, yana ƙaruwa da tsawo na greenhouse na iya ƙara hasken wutar gaba rufin gaba, wanda ke dacewa da watsa haske; Daga mahangar yanayin yanayin zafi, tsayin bangon yana ƙaruwa, kuma yankin zafi na bangon baya yana ƙaruwa, wanda yake da amfani ga ajiyar zafi da sakin bango. Haka kuma, sarari yana da girma, ƙarancin ƙarfin zafi shima yana da girma, kuma yanayin thermal na greenhouse yafi barga. Tabbas, kara tsawo na greenhouse zai kara farashin greenhouse, wanda ke buƙatar cikakken la'akari. Saboda haka, lokacin zayyana greenhouse, ya kamata mu zabi tsawon m, span kuma ya kamata mu zaɓi yanayin cikin gida. Misali, Zhang Caihong da wasu suna tunanin cewa a arewacin Xinjiang, tsawonsa shine 7M, tsawon shine 50 ~ 80m, da Span shine 8m kuma tsawo na greenhouse shine 3.6 ~ 4.0m; Hakanan ana la'akari da cewa span na Greenhouse bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 7m, kuma lokacin da prenhouse kiyayewa shine mafi kyau ba. Bugu da kari, Chen Weiqian da sauransu suna tunanin cewa tsawon, span ~ ~ 4.2m da 3.2m da 3.2m daidai lokacin da aka gina a yankin Gobi na Jiuquan, Gansu.

Inganta ajiyar zafi da kuma damar rufi bango

A lokacin rana, bango ya tara zafi ta hanyar kawar da hasken rana da zafi na wasu iska. Da dare, lokacin da zafin jiki na cikin gida ya ƙasa fiye da zafin jiki, bango zai kawo zafi mai zafi don zafi gidan greenhouse. Kamar yadda babban aikin ajiya mai zafi na greenhouse, bango na iya inganta yanayin zafin jiki na cikin gida ta hanyar inganta ikon adana zafin sa. A lokaci guda, yanayin rufin da yake amfani da bango shine tushen kwanciyar hankali na tsabtace yanayin sararin samaniya. A halin yanzu, akwai hanyoyi da yawa don inganta ajiyar zafi da kuma damar rufin bango.

01 tsara tsarin bango

Aikin bango ya haɗa da ajiya mai zafi da kuma adana zafi, kuma a lokaci guda, yawancin bangon green manusu kuma suna aiki azaman membobin da ke ɗaukar nauyin ɓoyewa. Daga ma'anar samun kyakkyawan yanayin yanayin zafi, ingantaccen tsarin bango ya kamata ya sami isasshen ƙarfin ajiya a gefen ciki da isasshen ƙarfin tsarin zafi. A cikin binciken ajiyar wurin bango da rufi da rufi, bao Elliai da wasu sun tsara yankin mai daskararren yashi mai zafi a yankin Wuhai hamada, cikin Mongolia na ciki. An yi amfani da tubalin mai laushi kamar yadda aka yi amfani da yashi a waje da kuma ya tabbatar da yashi a matsayin Layer ajiya Layer a ciki. Gwajin ya nuna cewa zazzabi na cikin gida zai iya isa 13.7 ℃ a cikin ranakun rana. MA Yuehong da sauransu. An tsara alkalan alkama a cikin bango mai tursasawa a Arewacin Xinjiang, wanda aka cika da kayan ajiya a waje a matsayin rufin da aka yi. Hallwarnlow dutsen da Zhao Peng, da dai sauransu. A yankin Gobu na lardin Gansu, yana amfani da 100mm mai kauri benul da kuma yashi da kuma wankan da aka toshe kamar yadda ake ajiye lokacin ajiya a ciki. Gwajin ya nuna cewa matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin hunturu yana sama da 10 ℃ da daddare, da sauransu a cikin yankin Gobu lardin lardin Gobu. Dangane da rage gadoji na sanyi, Yan Junye da sauransu. Tsarkakewa ya bayyana bangon bango ta hanyar mai sanya hannu kan allon Polystyrene a waje na baya bango; Wu Bariyar da sauransu Xinjiang, don haka ya shafi rufin zafi na greenhouses.

02 Zaɓi madaidaicin ajiyar zafi da kayan rufewa.

Adana zafi da kuma rufin bango na bango ya dogara da farko na zaɓin kayan. A cikin hamada hamada, Gobi, Sandy Land da sauran wuraren, a cewar yanayin shafin, masu bincike sun dauki kayan gida kuma sun yi ƙoƙari sosai don tsara nau'ikan bango na rana. Misali, lokacin da Zhang ya kakkafa wasu gidajen katako da filayen Gyan, an yi amfani da yashi a matsayin wuraren zafi da kuma rufaffiyar yadudduka. Dangane da halaye na Gobi da hamada a arewa maso yamma China, Zhao Peng da aka tsara wani irin bango na toshe tare da sandstone tare da kayan wuta. Gwajin ya nuna cewa matsakaiciyar zafin jiki na cikin gida yana sama da 10 ℃. Saboda ƙarancin kayan gini kamar tubalin Goba a yankin Gobi na Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu Kizilsu KirgIz Ganin aikin thermal da ƙarfin injin, an gina greenhouser da pebble yana da kyakkyawan aiki a cikin sharuddan adana zafi, ajiya mai zafi da kuma ɗaukar nauyi. Hakazalika, Zhang Yong, da sauransu kuma yi amfani da pebbles a matsayin babban kayan jikin bango, kuma an tsara shi mai zafin da ya dace da bango da sauran wurare. Gwajin ya nuna cewa sakamakon ajiya mai kyau yana da kyau. Zhang da sauransu. An tsara wani nau'in bangon dutsen gilashi gwargwadon halayen Gobi yankin, wanda zai iya ɗaga zazzabi na cikin gida ta 2.5 ℃. Bugu da kari, Ma Yuehong da sauransu sun gwada karfin ajiya mai tsananin cike da sandunan yashi, bango da bango a Hotasar, Xinjiang. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa bangon yashi mai cike da katangar yana da mafi girman ƙarfin zafi. Bugu da kari, domin inganta aikin adana zafi na bango, masu bincike suna haɓaka sabon kayan adana zafi da fasaha. Misali, Bao Elilip ya gabatar da canjin lokaci na ci gaba da kayan aiki, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don inganta karfin ajiya na bango na kayan wuta a arewa maso yamma a arewa maso yamma a arewa maso yamma. Kamar yadda binciken na kayan gida, HALLACK, SLAG, Benzeck Board a matsayin kayan zafi, amma waɗannan abubuwan yawanci suna da aikin lokacin da aka adana kuma babu yiwuwar ajiyar zafi. Gabaɗaya magana, ganuwar cike da tsakuwa kuma tubalan suna da kyakkyawan lokacin zafi da kuma damar rufi.

03 Inganta Inganta Girki

Yawancin lokaci, juriya mai mahimmanci shine mahimmancin ma'ana don auna murfin yanayin ƙarfe na bango, da kuma dalilin da ya shafi juriya na kayan da ba su da kauri baicin kayan abu. Saboda haka, a kan zaɓin rufin rufin da ya dace da ya dace, wanda ya dace yana ƙaruwa da kauri daga bango, don haka yana ƙara rufin zafi da ƙarfin zafi na bango da duk kore kore. Misali, a Ganansu da sauran yankuna, matsakaicin kauri daga bangon sanbag a Zhangye gari shine 2.6m, yayin da na mashin masonry masonry a cikin Jiuquan gari shine 3.7M. Mai kauri bango, mafi girma rufi da kuma ƙarfin ajiya mai zafi. Koyaya, ganuwar kauri mai kauri zai kara zama ƙasa da kuma farashin aikin greenhouse. Sabili da haka, daga hangen nesa na haɓaka yanayin rufin yanayin, ya kamata mu ma ba da fifiko ga zaɓi na kayan rufin zafi tare da ƙananan kayan rufewa, kamar ƙara polystyrene, kamar su polystyrene, polyurthane da sauran kayan, sannan kuma ƙara ɗaukar hoto yadda ya kamata.

Designani mai ma'ana na rufin rufin

Don ƙirar rufin baya, babban abin lura ba zai haifar da tasirin shading da kuma inganta ikon rufin yanayin zafi ba. Don rage tasirin shadawa a kan rufin baya, saitin kusurwar sa ya zama bisa gaskiyar cewa rufin na gaba zai iya dasa hasken rana a lokacin da ake shuka amfanin rana da aka samar. Sabili da haka, kusurwar giciye na gaba an zaɓi ya zama mafi kyau fiye da kusurwar hasken rana na gida na yau da kullun na 7 ° ° 8 °. Misali, Zhang Caihong da sauransu suna tunanin cewa lokacin gina hasken rana rufin gida shine 1.6m, don haka kusurwar da aka tsara a cikin layin baya shine 40 ° a Kudancin Xinjiang da 45 ° a arewacin Xinjiang. Chen Wei-Qian da sauransu suna tunanin cewa rufin rufin hasken rana a yankin Gobi na Gobi ya kamata ya karkata da 40 °. Don rufin zurfin rufin na gaba, ya kamata a tabbatar da damar rufin yanayin zafi a cikin zaɓi na kayan rufewa, lokacin farin ciki na kauri da kuma lake lap lapact na rufin kayan rufewa yayin gini.

Rage rashin isar da ƙasa

A cikin daren hunturu, saboda yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa ƙasa ya fi na ƙasa na waje, zafi na ƙasa ƙasa za a canja zuwa waje ta hanyar zafi. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don rage asarar ƙasa.

01 ƙasa ƙasa

A ƙasa yana nutse da kyau, guje wa ƙasa mai sanyi, da amfani da ƙasa don adana zafi. Misali, "1448-kashi-kashin-daya-daya-daya-daya-daya-daya-daya-daya-daya-daya-daya-daya-daya-daya wanda aka kirkira da kuma sauran ƙasar da ba ta noma a cikin Layer Hexi; Dangane da cewa zurfin ƙasa mai sanyi a yankin Turpan shine 0.8m, Wang Huamin da wasu kuma inganta takin zamani na greenhouse. A lokacin da Zhang ya shirya, da sauransu. Gwajin ya nuna cewa mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki da dare ya ƙaru da 2 ~ 3 ℃ idan aka kwatanta da greenhous na biyu na zamani-na biyu.

02 Gidauniyar Tsaron sanyi 02

Babban hanyar shine tono wani ramin-tabbacin sanyi tare da wani yanki na rufin gaban, ko kuma ci gaba da binne hanyoyin rufin, duk wanda ya yi niyyar rage asarar zafi wanda ya haifar Canja wurin zafi ta hanyar ƙasa a iyaka na greenhouse. Abubuwan rufin yanayin zafi da aka yi amfani da su musamman ne akan yanayin gida a arewa maso yamma China, kuma ana iya samun ciyawar ulu, ciyawa, taki mai karye, ciyawa, bambaro, da sauransu.

03 Mulch fim

Ta rufe fim ɗin filastik, hasken rana zai iya zuwa ƙasa ta hanyar fim ɗin fim ɗin a lokacin rana, da ƙasa yana shan zafi na rana da kuma heats. Haka kuma, fim ɗin filastik na iya toshe hasken hasken ƙasa da aka nuna, don haka ya rage asarar ƙasa ta ƙasa da ƙara zafin ƙasa. A dare, fim na filastik na iya hana musayar zafi a tsakanin ƙasa da iska na cikin gida, don haka rage asarar zafi. A lokaci guda, fim na filastik kuma zai iya rage hauhawar asarar zafi da aka haifar da ruwan evaporation ƙasa. Wei WenXiang ya rufe greenhouse tare da fim mai filastik a Qinghai Plateau, kuma gwajin ya nuna cewa zazzabi ƙasa yana iya tayar da shi da kusan 1 ℃.

Ku ƙarfafa yanayin yanayin zafi na rufin gaban

A gaban rufin greenhouse shi ne babban zafi watsewa surface, da asusun da aka rasa zafi fiye da 75% na jimlar hasken zafi a cikin greenhouse. Sabili da haka, ƙarfafa murfin rufin zafi na rufin greenhouse na iya rage asarar ta fuskar rufin da haɓaka hunturu na greenhouse na greenhouse. A halin yanzu, akwai manyan matakan uku don inganta ƙarfin rufin yanayin zafi na rufin gaban.

01 Multi-Layse m rufe ana karba.

Tsarin fim, ta amfani da fim biyu-Layer-biyu ko fim mai amfani da ruwa guda uku kamar yadda ake watsa haske na greenhouse na iya magance matsalar rufin greenhouse yadda ya kamata yadda ya kamata inganta aikin rufin greenhouse. Misali, Zhang Mai Tsulla da wasu sun tsara digon-greening ninki biyu na hasken rana sau biyu a yankin Gobi garin Jiuquan. A waje na gaban rufin greenhouse an yi shi ne da fim ɗin Eva, kuma a cikin greenhouse an yi shi da fim ɗin da aka saukar da PVC kyauta. Gwaje-gwajen suna nuna cewa idan aka kwatanta da Green Green Green Green-gargajiya na biyu, yanayin rufin shara ya fi fice, kuma mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki da dare ya tashi daga 2 ~ ℃ akan matsakaici. Hakazalika, Zhang JingsHe, da dai sauransu kuma ya tsara gidan wasan kwaikwayo na hasken rana tare da suturar yanayi biyu, wanda ya inganta rufin zafi na greenhouse. Idan aka kwatanta da greenhouse na iko, zazzabi dare ya karu da 3 ℃. Bugu da kari, Wu Bariiya da wasu sun yi kokarin amfani da yadudduka uku na 0.1mmm lokacin farin ciki fim a gaban rufin Heta, Xinjiang. Fim na Multi-Layer zai iya rage asarar zafi na rufin gaban gida mai yawa-fim mai mahimmanci ne game da karatawar hanyar watsa haske. Sabili da haka, lokacin zaton hasken wutar lantarki mai yawa-Layer ya rufe, ya zama dole a bayar saboda la'akari da yanayin haske da bukatun hasken gida.

02 Tabbatar da murfin dare na rufin gaban

Ana amfani da fim ɗin filastik a gaban rufin don ƙara hasken yanayin juyawa yayin rana, kuma ya zama wuri mai rauni a cikin duka greenhouse da dare. Saboda haka, rufe sararin samaniya na gaban rufin gaban da rufin yanayin zafi mai kauri shine rufin rufin da ya dace da hasken rana. Misali, a yankin Qinghai na Qinghai, Liu Yanjie da sauransu suna amfani da labule da takarda na Kraft a matsayin rufin yanayin zafi don gwaje-gwajen. Sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa mafi ƙasƙanci zazzabi a cikin greenhouse da dare na iya zuwa sama da 7.7 ℃. Bugu da ƙari, Wenxiang ya yi imani cewa asarar zafi za a iya rage ta fiye da 90% ta amfani da labulen ciyawa na ciyawa na rufi a cikin wannan yanki. Bugu da kari, Zou Ping, da sauransu. Amfani da Readercled Fiber ya ce ya zama tsawan rufin walƙiya, da sauransu amfani da Inshanet na hasken rana a cikin gidan wasan Bluehouse a cikin gidan wasan HexI Corridor. A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan rufi quilts da aka yi amfani da su a cikin gidajen rana kore, amma auduga auduga, gani-wectaffroof ko anti-aging surface yadudduka a garesu. Dangane da rufin yanayin zafi na rufin yanayin zafi, don inganta ingantaccen rufin sa, kuma ya kamata mu fara inganta halayensa na kayan aiki, ƙara kauri daga Yankuna na kayan haɗin kayan aiki. Dangane da gwajin, Canja wurin da zazzagewa na rufin yanayin zafi a cikin yanzu zai iya kaiwa ga mai kyau don rufin zafi a cikin hunturu. Tabbas, yankin arewa maso yamma yana da iska mai iska da ƙura, kuma yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, don haka yanayin rufin yanayin zafin rana ya kamata yana da kyakkyawan aikin tsufa.

03 Aara kasuwar rufin ciki na ciki.

Kodayake rufin gaban hasken rana an rufe shi da rufin zafi na waje da dare, har zuwa inda keɓaɓɓen wuri ne ga greenhouse da dare. Saboda haka, ƙungiyar kayan aikin "tsarin da kuma fasahar gina kayan aikin greenhouse a arewa maso yamma na ƙasashen waje" Tsara wani tsarin rufin ciki na ciki na ciki (Hoto 1), wanda tsarinsa ya ƙunshi ƙayyadadden rufin rufin ciki da gaba wani rufin rufewa na ciki na ciki a sararin samaniya. An buɗe labulen rufin rufin danilvable na sama kuma an buɗe shi a bangon baya na greenhouse a lokacin rana, wanda ba ya shafar hasken greenhouse; Ruwan tsallake rufaffiyar rufi ya kunshi a ƙasa yana taka rawa da sealing da daddare. Tsarin rufin ciki yana da sauƙi kuma mai sauƙi don aiki, kuma yana iya taka rawar shading da sanyaya a lokacin bazara.

Fasaha mai zafi

Saboda ƙarancin zafin jiki a cikin hunturu a arewa maso Yammacin China, idan kawai muna dogara ne da kayan zafi da kuma ajiya mai zafi a cikin wasu yanayin sanyi, don haka ba za mu iya biyan bukatun samar da amfanin gona ba a wasu yanayin sanyi, saboda haka wasu matakan halin sanyi su ma damuwa.

Hasken wuta na hasken rana da tsarin sakin zafi

Dalili mai mahimmanci ne cewa bango yana ɗaukar ayyukan adawar zafi, ajiya mai da kuma nauyin kaya, wanda ke haifar da adadin kuɗin aikin katako da ƙarancin ƙasa na greenhouses na rana. Saboda haka, sauƙaƙawa da taro na hasken rana ana ɗaure su zama kyakkyawan shugabanci a nan gaba. Daga gare su, yana sauƙaƙa aikin bango shine a saki adana zafi da kuma saki aikin bango, wanda bangon baya yana ɗaukar aikin zafi, wanda shine hanya mai kyau don sauƙaƙe ci gaba. Misali, dan wasan Fang Hui mai aiki da tsarin ajiya da tsarin saki (Hoto na 2) a wuraren da ba-da ba kamar Gansu ba ne, ningxia da Xinjiang. Ana rataye na'urar tarin zafi a bangon arewa. A lokacin rana, zafi da aka tattara ta na'urar tarin zafi yana adana shi a cikin jikin mai matsakaici na matsakaici, da kuma zafi an saki kuma ana mai da zafi da kuma mai da yawa ta hanyar matsakaici ajiya matsakaici, don haka ya fahimci yadda A canza wuri a cikin lokaci da sarari. Gwaje-gwajen sun nuna cewa za a iya da ƙarancin zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse 3 ~ 5 ℃ ta amfani da wannan na'ura. Wang Zhiei da sauransu ya gabatar da tsarin hawan labule na ruwa na ruwa na rana a Kudancin Xinjiang, wanda zai iya ƙara yawan zafin jiki na greenhouse ta 2.1 ℃ da dare.

Bugu da kari, Bao Elisilai da sauransu da aka tsara tsarin kewaya mai aiki mai aiki don bangon Arewa. A lokacin rana, ta hanyar rarraba magoya baya, iska mai zafi yana gudana ta hanyar canja wurin zafi tare da ajiyar zafi mai zafi tare da matsanancin ajiya Layer a cikin bango, wanda ya inganta ƙarfin ajiya mai zafi na bango. Bugu da kari, hasken rana lokaci-canjin tsarin ajiya mai zafi wanda Yan Yantao ya kafa shi da Yan Yantao da sauransu ta hanyar masu tattara na rana a dare, wanda zai iya ƙara da Matsakaicin zazzabi da 2.0 ℃ da daddare. Abubuwan da ke sama na hasken rana hasken rana rana suna da halaye na tattalin arziki, ceton carbon. Bayan ingantawa da haɓaka, ya kamata su sami kyakkyawan aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace a yankunan da yawan albarkatun makamashi na rana a arewa maso yamma China.

Sauran Appilary Fasaha

01 biomass mai ƙarfin hali

Beted, Strage, Cow Dung, Dungiyoyin tumaki da kaji ana gauraye da ƙwayoyin halittar jikin mutum a cikin greenhouse. Ana samun zafi mai yawa yayin tsarin fermentation, da kuma masu amfani da yawa, ƙwayoyin cuta da co2 ana haifar da su yayin aikin fermentation. Matsakaicin mafi amfani da zai iya hana ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa, kuma zasu iya rage abin da ya faru na ganyen ganyen green da kwari; Kwayoyin halitta na iya zama takin domin amfanin gona; A CO2 da aka samar zai iya inganta hotunan kayan amfanin gona. Misali, Wenxiang ya binne hot Orgal takin mai zafi kamar takin doki, saniya taki da ƙasa na cikin gida a qinghai ta ɗaga zazzabi a ƙasa. A cikin gidan hasken rana a cikin yankin Gyan hamsi, Zhou zhilong yayi amfani da bambaro da kuma takin gargajiya zuwa ferment tsakanin albarkatu. Gwajin ya nuna cewa za a iya ƙara yawan zafin jiki na greenhouse 2 ~ 3 ℃.

02 kwal

Akwai kututture na wucin gadi, mai saurin ƙona turare da dumama. Misali, bayan bincike a Qinghai Plateau, Wenxiang ya gano cewa dumama wutar lantarki ta wucin gadi an yi amfani da ita. Wannan hanyar dumama tana da fa'idodin saurin dumama kuma a bayyane yake dumama. Koyaya, gas mai cutarwa kamar So2, CO da H2s za a samar da su yayin aiwatar da konewa, saboda haka ya zama dole a yi kyakkyawan aiki na discargulling cutarwa gas.

03 Hawan Lantarki

Yi amfani da waya mai dumin lantarki don zafi rufin gaban greenhouse, ko amfani da injin heater. Tasirin mai dumama yana da ban mamaki, amfani ba shi da lafiya, babu gurbataccen gurbata a cikin greenhouse, kuma kayan aiki masu sauƙin sarrafa su. Chen Weiqian da sauransu suna tunanin cewa matsalar lalacewar daskarewa a cikin hunturu a yankin Jiuquan za a iya amfani da su don yin zafi da greenhouse. Koyaya, saboda amfani da albarkatun kuzarin wutar lantarki na lantarki, yawan amfanin makamashi yana da yawa kuma farashin yana da girma. An ba da shawarar shi cewa ya kamata a yi amfani da shi azaman hanyar ɗan lokaci na ɗan lokaci na gaggawa a cikin matsanancin yanayi.

Matakan gudanarwa na muhalli

A kan aiwatar da samarwa da amfani da kayan greenhouse, cikakken kayan aiki ba zai iya tabbatar da cewa yanayin zafin jikinta ya gana da ka'idojin ƙira ba. A zahiri, amfani da sarrafa kayan aiki sau da yawa suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin samuwar da kuma kiyaye wanda shine rufin yanayin rayuwar yau da kullun.

Gudanar da rufin zafi na zafi

Rufin zafi mai zafi a ciki shine mabuɗin zafi na daren da dare, musamman ya kamata a maida matsala ta yau da kullun da kuma rufewa da lokacin rufewa . Budewa da rufewa na rufin zuriyar zafi quilt ba kawai ya shafi lokacin hasken greathouse, amma kuma yana shafar tsari mai dumama a cikin greathouse. Budewa da rufe rufin zuriyar zafi a farkon ko kuma latti ba zai iya samar da tarin zafi ba. Da safe, idan an gano Quatil din ma da wuri, zazzabi na cikin gida zai yi yawa saboda low zazzabi da rauni haske. A akasin wannan, idan lokacin mamaye tsarukan ya yi latti, lokacin karbar haske a cikin greenhouse za a gajarta lokaci, kuma zazzabi na cikin gida zai yi jinkiri. Da rana, idan rufin zafin zamani ya kashe da wuri, lokacin rashin walwala zai zama taqaitaccen ƙasa da ganuwar ƙasa da ganuwar ƙasa. A akasin wannan, idan an kashe zafi latti, ana hana zafi diski na greenhouse za a ƙara saboda zafin jiki na waje da rauni mai rauni. Sabili da haka, gaba ɗaya magana, lokacin da aka kunna rufi da safe, yana da kyau ga zazzabi mai tsawan lokaci, yayin da lokacin da lokacin da zazzabi ya tashi Bayan 1 ~ 2 ℃ Droup. ② A lokacin da rufe rufin zafin zamani Quilt, kula da rufin ko rufin rufin zafi da ƙarfi, da kuma daidaita su a lokacin idan akwai rata. ③ Bayan rufin yanayin zafi mai zurfi, bincika ko ƙananan ɓangaren an haɗa shi, don hana tasirin kiyayewa daga iska da dare. Binciko kuma kula da rufin yanayin zafi a cikin lokaci, musamman idan lokacin rufin zafi ya lalace, gyara ko maye gurbin shi cikin lokaci. ⑤ kula da yanayin yanayi a cikin lokaci. Lokacin da aka sami ruwan sama ko dusar ƙanƙara, ya rufe rufin zafi a lokacin da cire dusar ƙanƙara a cikin lokaci.

Gudanar da Vents

Dalilin samun iska a cikin hunturu shine daidaita yawan zafin jiki don kauce wa wuce kima zazzabi a kusa da tsakar rana; Na biyu shine kawar da danshi na cikin gida, rage zafin iska a cikin greenhouse da sarrafa kwari da cututtuka; Na uku shine don ƙara yawan taro na gida tare da haɓaka haɓakar amfanin gona. Koyaya, samun iska da adana zafi ne sabani. Idan ba a gudanar da iska ba yadda yakamata, tabbas zai haifar da matsalolin zafi. Saboda haka, lokacin da kuma tsawon lokacin da ake buɗe mayƙokin rigakafin da ake buƙata bisa ga yanayin muhalli na greenhouse a kowane lokaci. A cikin yankunan da ba su da ba a samar da yankunan da ba su da ba, kula da vents na greenhouse galibi sun kasu ƙaruwa zuwa hanyoyi biyu: aiki da iska mai sauƙi. Koyaya, lokacin buɗewa da lokacin samun iska yana haifar da hukunci kan hukuncin mutane, saboda haka yana iya faruwa cewa an buɗe murfin da aka buɗe su da wuri ko kuma marigayi. Don magance matsalolin da ke sama, yin yini da sauransu na iska mai hankali da hankali, wanda zai iya sanin lokacin budewar da kuma rufewar yanayin cikin gida. Tare da zurfafa bincike game da dokar canjin muhalli da cigaba, da kuma ci gaba da tsinkaye na muhalli, sarrafa kayan shiga, sarrafa kayan shiga na zamani ya kamata a Mahimmin Mahimmama a gaba.

Sauran matakan gudanarwar

Yayin aiwatar da amfani da fina-finai daban-daban, hasken wutar yiwuwarsu zai raunana, kuma saurin rauni ba kawai yana da alaƙa da nasu amfanin gona na zahiri ba yayin amfani. Yayin aiwatar da amfani, mafi mahimmancin mahimmanci wanda ke haifar da raguwa na wasan watsa haske shine gurbata farfajiya. Sabili da haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a gudanar da tsabtatawa na yau da kullun da tsaftacewa yayin da ake yarda da yanayin. Bugu da kari, an bincika tsarin shinge na greenhouse a kai a kai. Lokacin da aka yi tsalle a bango da rufin gaba, ya kamata a gyara shi lokaci don guji greenhouse infilrorth mai sanyi.

Matsaloli da suka kasance da haɓaka shugabanci

Masu bincike sun bincika da kuma nazarin tsarin zafi da kuma fasahar sarrafa kayan lambu, wanda ke haifar da ikon da ba a sansu ba, wanda ke haifar da ikon yin tsayayya da rauni na zazzabi , kuma da gaske gane da overwintering samar da kayan lambu. Hakan ya ba da gudummawar tarihi don sauƙaƙe musu tsakanin abinci da kayan marmari masu gasa don ƙasa a China. Koyaya, har yanzu akwai matsaloli masu zuwa a cikin matsalar zazzabi a cikin Arewa maso Yammacin China.

Da nau'in greenhouse da za a inganta

A halin yanzu, nau'ikan greenhouses har yanzu da aka gina waɗanda aka gina a ƙarshen karni na 20 da farkon wannan karni, tare da ingantaccen tsari, da kuma tsayayyen bala'i, da kuma rashin daidaito na asali. Saboda haka, a cikin ƙirar greenhouse na gaba, siffar da kuma karkatar da rufin gaban greenhouse, da zurfin bango na baya, da sauran zurfin greenhouse, da sauransu ya kamata a daidaita su ta hanyar daidaita lekenal na gida da halayen yanayi. A lokaci guda, ana iya dasa amfanin gona guda ɗaya a cikin greenhouse har zuwa yau da yiwuwar za a iya za'ayi bisa ga buƙatun wuta da kuma bukatun albarkatun gona na dasa.

Sikelin greenhouse ya kasance kaɗan.

Idan sikelin greenhouse ya yi ƙarami, zai shafi kwanciyar hankali na tsabtace yanayin tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace ƙasa da haɓaka kayan aiki. Tare da karuwa na hankali na farashi mai tsada, ci gaban ta hanyar ci gaba muhimmiyar hanya ce a gaba. Saboda haka, a nan gaba, ya kamata mu kafa kan kanmu kan matakin cigaba na gida, la'akari da bukatun ci gaba na kayan aikin gona, saurin yin bincike da ci gaba da kayan aikin gona da iri na kayan aikin gona sun dace da bangarorin gida, kuma Inganta farashin kayan aikin greenhouse. A lokaci guda, gwargwadon bukatun albarkatu da tsarin namo, kayan aikin da ya dace da kuma ragewar zafi da kuma kayan zafi da kayan zafi ya kamata a inganta.

Kauri na bango kamar yashi da kuma m tubalan har yanzu lokacin farin ciki.

Idan bango ya yi kauri sosai, kodayake tasirin rufin yana da kyau, zai rage yawan ƙasa na ƙasa, zai ƙara tsada da wahalar gini. Saboda haka, a cikin ci gaba na gaba, a gefe guda, ana iya inganta kauri a kimiyance gwargwadon yanayin damuna na gida; A gefe guda, ya kamata mu inganta haske da sauƙaƙe ci gaban greenhouse, don sauke kayan adanawa kawai da sauran kayan aiki don maye gurbin bango mai zafi . Masu tattara hasken rana suna da halaye na babban babban zafi zafi, ƙarfin zafi mai ƙarfi, mai sarrafawa, ƙananan carbon da sauransu, kuma yawancinsu suna iya aiwatar da matsanancin wahala a bisa ga bukatun muhalli na greathouser A dare, tare da ingantaccen aiki na amfani da zafi.

In na tsinkayen zafi na musamman yana buƙatar haɓaka.

Gashin gaban shine babban jikin zafi mai zafi a cikin greenhouse, da rufin rufin shara na rufin zafi kai tsaye yana shafar yanayin zafi. A halin yanzu, yanayin ruwan hoda na tsire-tsire a wasu yankuna ba shi da kyau, cikin wani bangare saboda rufin zafin rai ya yi yawa, da kuma rufin filayen kayan aikin ƙasa ba shi da isarwa. A lokaci guda, rufin rufin thermal yana da wasu matsaloli, kamar su ƙarancin ruwa da kuma kayan masarufi, da sauransu. Saboda haka, ya kamata a zaɓi kayan rufewa da gaba, da sauransu Halayen yanayi da buƙatu, da kuma rufin yanayin rufewa na musamman wanda ya dace da amfani na gida da kuma haɓaka ya kamata a tsara shi da haɓaka.

Ƙarshe

Bayanin da aka ambata

Luo Gangeyu, Wang Jieyu, Wang Pingzhi, da sauransu Binciken Binciken zazzabi na Fasahar Solin Shiruse ta Lafiya a arewa masoya. Fasahar injiniyan aikin gona, 2022,42 (28): 12-20.