Abrtracts: Kayan lambu Seedlings ne na farko a cikin kayan lambu, da ingancin seedlings yana da mahimmanci ga yawan amfanin ƙasa da ingancin kayan lambu bayan dasa. Tare da ci gaba da tsayayyen rarrabuwa a cikin masana'antar kayan lambu, kayan lambu kayan lambu sannu a hankali sun kafa wani sarkar masana'antu mai zaman kanta kuma yana samar da kayan lambu. Wuri mara kyau, da seedling hanyoyin da ba makawa take da yawa kamar jinkirin girma na seedlings, da kwari da cututtuka. Don magance leggy seedlings, yawancin masu samar da kasuwanci suna amfani da masu gudanarwar haɓaka. Koyaya, akwai haɗarin da seedling seedling m, amincin abinci da kuma lalata muhalli tare da amfani da masu rikitarwa girma. Baya ga hanyoyin sarrafa sunadarai, kodayake na injiniya, zazzabi da kuma ikon sarrafa ruwa kuma na iya taka rawa wajen hana ƙwanƙwali da haɓakawa da inganci. A karkashin tasirin sabuwar annoba a duniya-19, matsalolin samar da matsaloli na samar da kayan aiki wanda ya haifar da karancin karfin aiki da hauhawar farashin aiki a masana'antar seedling sun zama sananne.

Tare da haɓaka fasahar walƙiya, amfani da hasken wucin gadi don ƙwayar kayan lambu seeding yana da fa'idodin babban seedling ingancin ƙarfin, da ƙarancin kwari da cututtuka. Idan aka kwatanta da kafofin hasken zamani, sabon ƙarni na hanyoyin da aka samu LED hasken wuta yana da sifofin makamashi, kariyar muhalli, ƙananan ƙwararrun muhalli, da ƙananan amplitength. Zai iya ƙirƙirar bakan wasan da ya dace bisa ga ci gaba da haɓaka bukatun seedlings a cikin yanayin kayan tsire-tsire, daidai da daidaitaccen tsarin kayan lambu, daidaitawa da saurin samar da kayan lambu , da ta takaita seedling sake zagayowar. A cikin China ta Kudu, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 60 zuwa noma barkono da tumatir na gaske) a cikin gidajen filastik, da kuma kwanaki 35 na ganyayyaki). A karkashin yanayin masana'antar tsiro, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 17 kawai ne kawai don noma tumatir da kwanaki 25 don ppf na 20 h da ppf na 200-300 μmol / (M2 • s). Idan aka kwatanta da hanyar al'ada seedling hanya a cikin greenhouse, da amfani da masana'antar shuka masana'antar haɓakawa ta hanyar 15-30 a kowace shuka ta karu da 33.8% 37.3% , bi da bi, kuma mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa ya karu da kashi 714%.

A cikin sharuddan amfani da makamashi ingancin masana'antun masana'antu ya fi na Venlo-Tyiry Green Greenhouses a wannan lanitude. Misali, a cikin wani kayan shuka na Yaren mutanen Sweden, 1411 MJ yana buƙatar samar da kilogiram 1 na busassun abu na letas, yayin da aka buƙaci mj 1699 a cikin greenhouse. Koyaya, idan wutar lantarki tana buƙatar kowane kilogram na letas bushe al'amari ne na letas yana buƙatar nauyin kilogiram na letas, da kuma greengerlands a Sweden, da Netherlands, da Hadari na Arabistes suna buƙatar 182 kw · Emirates. H, 70 k ·, da 111 na ·, bi da bi.

A lokaci guda, a cikin masana'antar masana'antar, amfani da kwamfutoci na atomatik, hankali da sauran fasahar yanayi na yau da kullun, kuma su fahimci iyakokin yanayin yanayin halitta, ku iya sanin iyakokin yanayin yanayin halitta, ku fahimci iyawar yanayin yanayin yanayin halitta, ku iya sanin iyakokin yanayin yanayin halitta, ku kuma ga masu hankali, INGANCIN CIKIN SAUKI DA KYAUTA SUKE SAMUN NASARA. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masana'antun masana'antu seedlings anyi amfani da seedlings da aka yi amfani da su a cikin kasuwanci na kayan lambu na ganye, kayan lambu na kudu, Turai, Turai da Amurka da sauran ƙasashe. Babban saka hannun jari na kayan shuka, babban farashi, da kuma yawan amfani da makamashi na tsarin har yanzu sune Bammetlowsacks da ke iyakance cigaban fasahar tomarancin masana'antu. Sabili da haka, ya zama dole don yin la'akari da bukatun babban yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma ceton kuzari dangane da dabarun gudanarwa na hasken wuta, da kayan aikin kayan lambu don inganta fa'idodin tattalin arziki.

A cikin wannan labarin, rinjayar da LED Haske yanayin yanayin a kan masana'antun kayan lambu a cikin 'yan masana'antar kayan lambu na shuka a cikin masana'antar kayan lambu.

1. Tasirin yanayin haske a kan girma da haɓaka kayan lambu na kayan lambu

A matsayin ɗayan mahimman abubuwan muhalli don shuka iri da ci gaba, haske ba shine tushen makamashi don tsire-tsire don yin shuka photomororphogenis. Tsire-tsire suna fahimtar shugabanci, ƙarfin ƙarfi da ingancin siginar ta hanyar tsarin siginar hoto, kuma amsa kasancewarsu, kuma amsa kasancewarsu, kuma amsa kasancewarsa, kuma ya amsa kasancewarsu, kuma amsa da rashi na haske. A halin yanzu da aka sani masu ɗaukar hoto sun haɗa da aƙalla azuzuwan guda uku: phytochromites (phya ~ phy2 (FR), Cryptochromes (FR), Sense Blue da Ultraano UV kaga UVR8 Wannan Sense UV-B. Wadannan masu daukar hoto suna shiga ciki da kuma daidaita furta kwayoyin halittar sannan kuma daidaita ayyukan rayuwa kamar tsiro, flowomorphogenis da kuma haƙuri ga ƙungiyoyi masu rai.

2. Tasirin yanayin LED Hasken Yanayi akan PhotoMoroorphory na kayan lambu seedlings

2.1 sakamakon ingancin haske daban-daban akan photoomorphogenesis na kayan lambu seedlings

Jigons na ja da shuɗi na bakan gizo suna da babban ingancin quantum don shuka ganye Photoynthesis. Koyaya, bayyanar dogon lokaci na kokwamba na dogon lokaci zai lalata daukar hoto mai haske, wanda ya haifar da ambaton "Red Haske mai haske da tsinkayen hoto, da kuma yin amfani da haɓakar hoto, da kuma rakiyar haɓaka. A karkashin yanayin ƙarancin haske (100 ± 5 μmol / (M2 • s), hasken haske mai tsabta na iya lalata ƙwayar kokwamba, amma an canza chloros na kokwamba bayan an canza shi daga hasken haske mai tsabta zuwa ja da shuɗi haske (R: B = 7: 3). A akasin wannan, lokacin da kokwamba tsire-tsire sun sauya daga yanayin ja-blue haske ga tsarkakakkiyar muhalli mai tsabta, yana yin daidaitawa ga yanayin jan haske. Ta hanyar bincike na lantarki na lantarki na tsarin ganye na kokwamba seedlings tare da "jan haske mai haske, da kauri grana a karkashin light haske ya kasa kasa da wadancan fararen haske farin. Shiga ciki mai haske na shuɗi mai haske yana inganta haɓakawa da sifofin motsa jiki da hotunan hoto na chloroplasts kuma yana kawar da wuce haddi na abubuwan gina jiki. Idan aka kwatanta da farin haske da ja da shuɗi haske, kyakkyawan jan launi, raguwar juzu'i na fure, kuma yana ƙaruwa da ruwa rubisco, kuma yana ƙaruwa da ƙamshi mai zafi, kuma yana ƙaruwa sosai. Ana iya ganin cewa tsire-tsire daban daban-daban suna amsawa daban-daban zuwa inganci iri ɗaya, amma idan aka kwatanta da hasken Monochromatic, tsire-tsire suna da mafi girma Photochromaticy Haske.

Masu bincike sun yi bincike mai yawa akan ingancin ingancin ingancin ingancin kayan lambu na kayan lambu. A ƙarƙashin hasken rana mai ƙarfin gaske, tare da karuwar rabo daga Red Haske, tsayin tsiro da kuma nauyi seedlings muhimmanci sosai, kuma lura da rabo na ja zuwa shuɗi na 3: 1 yana da mafi kyawun sakamako; A akasin wannan, babban high blue haske shi da hanzarta ci gaban tumatir da kokwamba seedlings, wanda ya kasance gajere da kuma m, amma ƙara abun cikin bushewar seedlings. Ana lura da irin wannan alamu a cikin wasu albarkatu, kamar barkono da kankana. Bugu da kari, idan aka kwatanta da farin haske, ja da shuɗi mai haske (R: B = Ba kawai ingancin canja wuri na kayan lambu ba, har ma da bayyana matakin enzymes da ke da alaƙa da Ga sake zagayowar Calvin, abubuwan cin ganyayyaki da kuma inganta tarin kayan carbohydrate muhimmanci. Kwatanta Rawaye biyu na Red da Blue Haske (R: 1, 4, 4, 4: 1, 4: 1), wani babban rabo na shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ya fi dacewa ya tilasta wa lokacin furanni na furanni . Kodayake tsararren ja da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ba su da tasiri sosai a kan sabon nauyi na ƙwayar cuta na Kale, arugula, da mustard na kunnawa da kuma yanki mai haske na Kale da mustard seedlings, yayin da cotyledon launi zurfin. Saboda haka, a cikin samar da seedlings, karuwa da ya dace a cikin rabo na blue haske na iya kara gajere na seedlings, da kuma inganta girman ƙarfin seedlings, da kuma inganta girman ƙarfin seedlings, da kuma inganta ƙwararrun ƙananan kayan lambu, da kuma inganta ƙwayar ƙwayar kayan lambu, da kuma haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin kayan lambu, wanda ke da ƙwanƙwasa yana nuna seedlingsan itace mai robba. A karkashin yanayin cewa hasken da ya yi da ba zai canza ba, karuwar haske kore a ja da shuɗi haske sosai inganta nauyi mai nauyi da kuma girman ganye da tsayin ganye na barkono seedlings. Idan aka kwatanta shi da hasken farin fitila mai kyalli, a ƙarƙashin hasken-shuɗi (R3: G2) Yanayin haske, y [ii No.e seedlings muhimmanci. Beоletation na UV Haske (100 μmol / (M2 • s) Blue Haske + 7% UV-A) ga tsarkakakken haske Elongula yana rage kara da akasin haka. Wannan kuma yana nuna cewa ban da hasken ja da shuɗi, wasu halaye masu mahimmanci suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiki da ci gaba girma da ci gaba. Kodayake babu hasken ultraviolet ko fr shine tushen ƙarfin photosynthesis, biyun biyun suna da hannu a cikin photoomorphogenis. Haske na UV mai tsananin ƙarfi yana da lahani don shuka DNA da sunadarai, da sauransu, yana kunna canje-canje a cikin tsirowar salula, ilimin kimiya da ci gaba don dacewa da canje-canje na muhalli. Karatun ya nuna cewa ƙananan r / F ya haifar da inuwa a cikin tsirrai, wanda ya haifar da canje-canje na ilimin cututtuka na tsire-tsire, kamar ƙara ƙwayar cuta yana yawan amfanin ƙasa. Cire mai saki ba kyakkyawan tsari bane na girma don girma seedlings. Don Janar Leafy da 'ya'yan itace kayan lambu seedlings, m, m da na roba seedlings ba su iya yiwuwa su iya yiwuwa matsaloli yayin sufuri da dasawa.

UV - A zai iya yin kokwamba seedling shuke-shuke da guntu da ƙari, da yawan amfanin ƙasa bayan dasawa bai banbanta ba ya banbanta da na ikon; Yayinda Uku-B yana da ƙarin tasiri mai hana ingancin haɓaka, kuma sakamakon rage rage yawan sakamakon bayan dasawa ba mahimmanci ba ne. Nazarin da suka gabata sun ba da shawarar cewa UV-wani hanawa yana haɓaka haɓakar shuka da haɓaka disarfed. Amma akwai hujjoji da suka girma cewa kasancewar UV-A, maimakon kutsa amfanin gona ci amerassas, a zahiri yana inganta shi. Idan aka kwatanta da na asali ja da fari haske (R: (3, ppfd shine 250 μmol / (M2 ·)), karin haske a cikin ja da farin haske shine 10 w / m2 (kimanin 10 μmol / (M2 · s) UV - A na Kale Muhimmin ƙara biomas, madaidaiciyar ƙasa, tsawon lokacin diopy nisa na Kale seedlings, amma tasirin gabatarwa ya raunana lokacin da UV tsanani ya wuce 10 w / m2. Daily 2 H UV-wani ƙarin (0.45 J / (0.45 J / (M2 • s) yana iya haɓaka girman shuka, yanki na Cotyledon da kuma nauyi na 'oxheart' seedlings, yayin rage abun ciki na H2O2 na tumatir. Ana iya ganin cewa albarkatu daban-daban sun amsa daban da UV haske, wanda na iya danganta da hankali ga albarkatun gona zuwa UV haske.

Don noma seedlings, tsawon m ya kamata a ƙara dacewa ya sauƙaƙe rootstock grafting. Daban-daban karfi fr yana da tasiri daban-daban akan ci gaban tumatir, barkono, kokwamba, gourd da kankana seedlings. Vetormentation na 18.9 μmol / (M2 • s) fr a farin farin farin da kara girman diamita game da tsawan tumatir da barkono seedlings; FR na 34.1 μmol / (M2 • s) yana da mafi kyawun sakamako akan inganta rayuwa mai zurfi da kara na na kokwamba, gourd da kankana seedlings; Babban ƙarfi fr (53.4 μmol / (M2 • s) yana da mafi kyawun sakamako akan waɗannan kayan lambu guda biyar. The hypocotyl length and stem diameter of the seedlings no longer increased significantly, and began to show a downward trend. Thean nauyi nauyi na barkono seedlings rage muhimmanci, wanda ke nuna cewa kyawawan dabi'u na seedlings guda biyar na fr. Sakamakon ci gaban tsire-tsire na kayan lambu daban-daban ma ma ya bambanta.

2.2 Sakamakon Haskar Haske na Haske akan Hoterororphogenesis na kayan lambu seedlings

Hasken rana (DLI) yana wakiltar jimlar adadin hotunan hoto da aka karɓa ta ƙasa ƙasa a cikin rana, wanda ke da alaƙa da hasken da haske. Tsarin lissafin shine DLI (MOL / ME / rana) = ƙarfin haske [μmol / (m 50 • s) × 3-6. A cikin yanayi tare da ƙarancin haske, tsire-tsire amsa ga ƙarancin yanayin haske ta hanyar elongating girma da yankin da aka ba da kauri da kuma fannin ganye. Tare da haɓaka ƙarfin haske, ban da mustard, tsayin rayukan mustarwala na Arugula, kabeji da Kale seedlings a karkashin ingancin haske iri ɗaya ya ragu sosai. Ana iya ganin cewa sakamakon haske akan girma shuka da Motphogenes yana da alaƙa da tsananin haske da shuka iri. Tare da karuwa Dli (8.64 ~ 28.8 mol / m2 / rana), nau'in nau'in ƙwayar kokwamba da ingantaccen nauyi da kuma ingantaccen kayan ganye da kuma abun ciki na chlorophyll ya ragu sosai. 6 ~ 16 dayanni bayan shuka da kokwamba seedlings, ganyayyaki da ganyayyaki sun bushe. A hankali da sannu a hankali ya karu, kuma adadin girma a hankali a hanzarta, amma kwanaki 16 zuwa 21 kwanaki bayan shuka, da girma na ganye da kuma asalinsu na kokwamba seedlings. Enhanced DLI promoted the net photosynthetic rate of cucumber seedlings, but after a certain value, the net photosynthetic rate began to decline. Sabili da haka, zaɓi DLI da ya dace kuma kuyi amfani da dabarun haske daban-daban a matakai daban-daban na iya rage iko. Abun cikin sukari mai narkewa da sod enzyme a cikin kokwamba da tumatir seedlings ƙara da karuwa na DLli ƙarfi. Lokacin da DLI ƙarfi ya ƙaru daga 7.47 Mol / M2 / MO / Mol / Mol / MO2 / Day. A karkashin yanayin DLI iri ɗaya, tare da karuwar ƙarfin haske da gajeriyar lokacin haske, aikin psii na ƙarfin hasken daɗaɗɗa da dogon haske ya fi dacewa a shuka high seedling Index da Photchemical Ingancin na kokwamba da tumatir seedlings.

A cikin samar da seedlings, ƙarancin yanayin haske na iya haifar da raguwa a cikin ingancin seedlings da karuwa a lokacin warkarwa. Ilimin da ya dace zai iya inganta ikon da ke da ƙarfi na shafin warkarwa da shafin warkarwa na grafed da inganta matsayin kumburin furanni da ƙara yawan furanni mata. A cikin masana'antun masana'antu, DLI na 2.5-7.5 Mol / Mol / M2 / rana ya isa ya cika bukatun warkar da tumatir grafting. Accountsara da ganye na kauri daga grafted tumatir seedlings ya karu sosai tare da kara ƙarfin DLI. Wannan ya nuna cewa seedlings seedlings ba sa bukatar babban haske mai ƙarfi don warkarwa. Saboda haka, yin la'akari da wutar lantarki da dasa yanayi mai gudana, zaɓi ƙarfin hasken da ya dace zai taimaka inganta fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi.

3. Tasirin yanayin LED Hasken Yanayi akan juriya da kayan kayan lambu

Tsire-tsire suna karɓar alamomin haske na waje ta hanyar ɗaukar hoto, yana haifar da synthesis da aikin sassan alamu a cikin shuka, da kuma siye da haɓakar ƙwayar tsirrai, da kuma inganta haɓakar shuka da damuwa ga damuwa. Ingancin haske daban yana da ingancin cigaba akan cigaban haƙuri da gishiri mai haƙuri. Misali, lokacin da aka inganta seedlingsan tumatir tare da haske na tsawon awanni 4 da dare, da hasken haske, haske mai haske, haske mai haske, haske, haske mai haske, haske mai haske, haske mai haske, haske na tumatir seedlings, da kuma inganta haƙuri haƙuri. Ayyukan sod, pod da cat a cikin tumatir seedlings karkashin magani na 8: 2 Red-blue rabo suna da mahimmanci mafi girma fiye da waɗancan wasu hanyoyin, kuma suna da mafi girman ƙarfin antioxidant da haƙuri mai haƙuri.

Sakamakon UV-B a kan Soyfen Soybean shine mafi girma ci gaba da kwayoyin halitta kamar su Aba, sa, da kuma hana tushen ci gaba ta hanyar rage abun cikin IAA , CTK, da ga ga. PhotSapoceporor na UV-B, UV8, ba wai kawai ya shiga cikin tsarin Photophogenis ba, har ma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin damuwa na UV-B danniya. A cikin tumatir seedlings, urr8 yana siyar da kira da kuma tara anthocyanins, da UV--Achlimy na tumatir seedlings ya inganta tare da babban-b danniya. Koyaya, karbuwa da UV-b zuwa damuwar danniya da ArabDACISTYOWTY NE, wanda ke nuna cewa a matsayin hanyar haɗin kai na shuka. Shiga cikin tsayayya da tashin hankali na fari, yana ƙaruwa da ikon ros scaving.

Dukansu elongation na Frandyl ko kara lalacewa ta FR da kuma karbuwa da tsire-tsire zuwa matsanancin sanyi ana lissafta ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta. Sabili da haka, "Rufuwar inuwa tasirin" wanda ya haifar da fr yana da alaƙa da karbar karantarwa na tsire-tsire. Masu binciken sun haɗu da sha'ir seedlings 18 days bayan germination a cikin kwanaki 15, sanyaya zuwa idan aka kwatanta da fararen haske na Barley Seedlings. Wannan tsari yana tare da ƙara yawan abun ciki na Aba da Iaa a cikin sha'ir seedlings. Mai zuwa Canja wurin 15 ° C Frreased Barley seedlings zuwa 5 ° C kuma ci gaba da karin magana ga jiyya guda biyu, amma tare da rage amsar da aka ambata. Tsire-tsire suna da bambanci da r: Dabi'u na Frates suna sarrafa biosynthesis na phytohormones (Ga, da kuma aba), waɗanda kuma suka shiga cikin haƙuri mai gishiri. A karkashin danniya gishiri, da low rabo r: FR mai haske yanayin zai iya inganta maganin antioxidant da photos with da seedlings, da kuma inganta haƙuri mai gishiri. Dukansu saloRiniti biyu danniya da m r: darajar fr da gishirin wahalar damuwa-haifar da rashin daidaituwa na chlorophyll kira. Wadannan sakamakon suna nuna ingantaccen hulɗa tsakanin phytochromes da haƙuri mai haƙuri.

Baya ga hasken haske, sauran dalilai masu haske suma suna shafan girma da ingancin kayan lambu seedlings. Misali, karuwar maida hankali na CO2 zai kara girman girman darajar PN (PNMAX), rage saitin diyya na haske, da kuma inganta ingantaccen amfani. Yawan karuwar haske da maida hankali na CO2 yana taimakawa wajen inganta abubuwan alamu na hotunan hotunan hoto, kuma a ƙarshe samun babban karancin hotunan Calvin, a ƙarshe samun mafi girma Photo Seedlings. A bushe nauyi da kuma hadari na tumatir da barkono seedlings da tabbaci tare da Dli, kuma canjin zazzabi ya shafi ci gaban a ƙarƙashin wannan magani na DLI iri ɗaya. Yanayin 23 ~ 25 ℃ ya fi dacewa da ci gaban tumatir seedlings. A cewar yanayin zazzabi da yanayin haske, masu binciken sun kirkiro wata hanya don hango ƙimar haɓakar gwarin da ke bisa tsarin rarraba kayan kwalliya, wanda zai iya samar da shiriyar kimiyya don ƙirar kimiyya da aka grafted seedling.

Sabili da haka, lokacin da ƙirar Tsarin Dokar Haske a samarwa, ba wai kawai abubuwan da ake buƙata ba da nau'in kayan abinci, yanayin gas, zazzabi, da seedling girma.

4. Matsaloli da Outlooks

Da farko, tsarin hasken seedlings ne mai saurin tsari, da kuma tasirin yanayi daban-daban akan nau'ikan kayan lambu daban-daban na kayan lambu da ake bukatar bincika daki-daki. Wannan yana nufin cimma burin babban aiki da kuma samar da seedling mai inganci, ana buƙatar ci gaba da bincike mai ci gaba don kafa tsarin fasaha mai girma.

Abu na biyu, kodayake ikon amfani da wutar lantarki na tushen LED shine babba, da wutar lantarki don hasken wutar lantarki shine babban yawan kuzari na seedlings amfani da wucin gadi. Babban ƙarfin kuzari na masana'antu na shuka har yanzu shine ƙirar kwalban ƙididdigar masana'antu.

A ƙarshe, tare da ingantaccen aikace-aikacen Shuka Wuta a cikin harkar noma, ana sa ran za a rage farashin hasken wutar lantarki a gaba. Akasin haka, karuwa cikin kudin aikin, musamman ma a Post-Era na Buga, rashin aikin aiki ne don inganta tsarin aikin kayan aiki da sarrafa kansa. A nan gaba, kayan aikin sarrafawa na wucin gadi da kayan aikin samarwa na wucin gadi zasu zama ɗaya daga cikin fasahar samar da kayan lambu, kuma zasu ci gaba da haɓaka haɓaka fasahar masana'antu.

Marubutan: Jiehuu T, Houchuchg Liu
Tushen labarin: WeChat Asusun fasahar injiniyan gona (Farkin noma)