Tushen Labari: Jaridar Binciken Injinan Aikin Noma;

Marubuci: Yingying Shan, Xinmin Shan, Song Gu.

Kankana, a matsayin amfanin gona na tattalin arziki na yau da kullun, yana da babban buƙatun kasuwa da buƙatu masu inganci, amma noman seedling ɗin sa yana da wahala ga kankana da kwai. Babban dalili shi ne: kankana shuka ne mai son haske. Idan babu isasshen haske bayan ƙwayar kankana ta karye, za ta yi girma kuma ta samar da tsire-tsire masu tsayi, wanda ke tasiri sosai ga ingancin tsiron da kuma girma daga baya. Kankana daga shuka har zuwa dasa shine tsakanin Disamba na wannan shekara zuwa Fabrairu na shekara mai zuwa, wanda shine lokacin da mafi ƙarancin zafi, mafi raunin haske da cuta mafi tsanani. Musamman a kudancin kasar Sin, ya zama ruwan dare cewa ba a samun hasken rana tsawon kwanaki 10 zuwa rabin wata a farkon bazara. Idan aka ci gaba da yin hazo da dusar kankara, hakan zai haifar da dimbin matattun shuke-shuke, wanda hakan zai kawo babbar illa ga asarar tattalin arzikin manoma.

Yadda ake amfani da tushen hasken wucin gadi, misali haske daga LED girma hasken wuta, don amfani da “taki mai haske” ga amfanin gona gami da tsire-tsire na kankana a ƙarƙashin yanayin rashin isasshen hasken rana, don cimma manufar haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa, ingantaccen inganci, inganci mai kyau, cuta. tsayin daka da rashin gurɓata yanayi yayin haɓaka girma da haɓaka amfanin gona, shine babban alkiblar bincike na masana kimiyyar noma shekaru da yawa.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, binciken ya kara gano cewa bambancin launin ja da launin shudi yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci ga ci gaban shuka. Alal misali, mai bincike Tang Dawei da sauransu sun gano cewa R / b = 7: 3 shine mafi kyawun launin ja da launin shudi don girma kokwamba; Mai bincike Gao Yi da wasu sun nuna a cikin takardar su cewa R / b = 8: 1 gauraye tushen haske shine mafi dacewa da ƙarin tsarin haske don haɓakar furen Luffa.

A baya, wasu mutane sun yi ƙoƙari su yi amfani da hanyoyin haske na wucin gadi kamar fitilun fitilu da fitilun sodium don gudanar da gwaje-gwajen seedling, amma sakamakon bai yi kyau ba. Tun daga shekarun 1990, an yi bincike kan noman seedling ta amfani da fitilolin girma na LED azaman ƙarin tushen haske.

LED girma fitilu suna da abũbuwan amfãni na makamashi ceton, muhalli kariya, aminci da amintacce, dogon sabis rayuwa, kananan size, haske nauyi, low zafi tsara da kyau haske watsawa ko hade iko. Ana iya haɗe shi bisa ga buƙatun don samun hasken Monochromatic da kuma yawan amfani da wutar lantarki na iya kai 80% - 90%. Ana la'akari da shi shine mafi kyawun tushen haske a cikin noma.

A halin yanzu, an gudanar da bincike da dama kan noman shinkafa da cucumber da alayyahu tare da tsaftataccen hasken LED a kasar Sin, kuma an samu dan ci gaba. Koyaya, don tsiron kankana waɗanda ke da wahalar girma, fasahar zamani har yanzu tana kan matakin hasken halitta, kuma hasken LED ana amfani da shi azaman ƙarin haske ne kawai.

Ina la'akari da matsalolin da ke sama, wannan takarda za ta yi ƙoƙari ta yi amfani da hasken LED a matsayin tushen haske mai tsabta don nazarin yuwuwar kiwo na kankana da mafi kyawun haske mai haske don inganta ingancin ƙwayar kankana ba tare da dogara ga hasken rana ba, domin samar da tushen ka'idar da goyon bayan bayanai don sarrafa haske na seedling kankana a wurare.

A.Tsarin gwaji da sakamako

1. Kayan gwaji da magani mai haske

An yi amfani da kankana ZAOJIA 8424 a wajen gwajin, kuma cibiyar samar da shuka ita ce Jinhai Jinjin 3. An zabo wurin gwajin ne a masana’antar sarrafa hasken wuta ta LED da ke birnin Quzhou kuma an yi amfani da na’urar hasken wutar lantarki ta LED a matsayin tushen hasken gwajin. Gwajin ya ci gaba da zagayowar 5. Lokacin gwajin guda ɗaya shine kwanaki 25 daga jiƙan iri, germination zuwa girma seedling. Lokacin daukar hoto ya kasance 8 hours. Zazzabi na cikin gida ya kasance 25 ° zuwa 28 ° da rana (7:00-17:00) da 15 ° zuwa 18 ° da yamma (17:00-7:00). Yanayin zafi ya kasance 60% - 80%.

Ana amfani da beads ɗin ja da shuɗi na LED a cikin ƙirar haɓakar hasken wuta, tare da jan tsayin tsayin 660nm da shuɗi na 450nm. A cikin gwajin, an yi amfani da haske ja da shuɗi mai haske mai haske na 5:1, 6:1 da 7:13 don kwatantawa.

2. Fihirisar aunawa da hanya

A ƙarshen kowane zagayowar, an zaɓi tsire-tsire 3 ba da gangan don gwajin ingancin seedling. Ma'auni sun haɗa da busassun nauyi da sabo, tsayin shuka, diamita mai tushe, lambar ganye, takamaiman yanki na ganye da tsayin tushen. Daga cikin su, tsayin tsire-tsire, diamita mai tushe da tsayin tushe za a iya auna ta hanyar vernier caliper; lambar ganye da lambar tushe za a iya ƙidaya da hannu; bushe da sabo nauyi da takamaiman yanki ganye za a iya lissafta ta mai mulki.

3. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga na bayanai

4. Sakamako

Ana nuna sakamakon gwajin a Table 1 da Figures 1-5.

Daga tebur 1 da siffa 1-5, ana iya ganin cewa tare da haɓakar haske don wucewa rabo, busassun nauyin nauyi ya ragu, tsayin shuka yana ƙaruwa (akwai wani abu mai tsayi mara amfani), ƙwanƙwasa na shuka yana zama. ƙarami kuma ƙarami, ƙayyadaddun yanki na ganye ya ragu, kuma tsayin tushen ya fi guntu kuma ya fi guntu.

B.Binciken sakamako da kimantawa

1. Lokacin da hasken da zai wuce rabo shine 5: 1, girman seedling na kankana shine mafi kyau.

2. The low seedling irradiated da LED girma haske tare da high blue haske rabo nuna cewa blue haske yana da bayyananne danniya sakamako a kan shuka girma, musamman a kan shuka kara, kuma ba shi da wani fili tasiri a kan ci gaban ganye; Hasken ja yana inganta haɓakar shuka, kuma shukar tana girma da sauri idan rabon hasken ja ya yi girma, amma tsayinsa a bayyane yake, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 2.

3. Shuka yana buƙatar rabo daban-daban na haske ja da shuɗi a cikin lokutan girma daban-daban. Misali, tsire-tsire na kankana suna buƙatar ƙarin haske mai shuɗi a farkon matakin, wanda zai iya hana ci gaban seedling yadda ya kamata; amma a mataki na gaba, yana buƙatar ƙarin jan haske. Idan rabon hasken shuɗi ya ci gaba da girma, seedling zai zama ƙanana da gajere.

4. Hasken haske na seedling na kankana a farkon mataki ba zai iya zama mai karfi ba, wanda zai shafi ci gaban seedlings. Hanya mafi kyau ita ce amfani da haske mai rauni a farkon matakin sannan kuma amfani da haske mai ƙarfi daga baya.

5. M LED girma haske haske za a tabbatar. An gano cewa idan ƙarfin hasken ya yi ƙasa sosai, ci gaban seedling yana da rauni kuma yana da sauƙin girma a banza. Ya kamata a tabbatar da cewa al'ada girma haske na seedlings ba zai iya zama ƙasa da 120wml; duk da haka, canjin yanayin girma na tsire-tsire tare da haske mai yawa ba a bayyane yake ba, kuma ana ƙara yawan amfani da makamashi, wanda ba shi da amfani ga aikace-aikacen masana'anta a nan gaba.

C. Sakamako

Sakamakon ya nuna cewa yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da tsaftataccen haske na LED don noma ciyawar kankana a cikin daki mai duhu, kuma 5: 1 mai haske ya fi dacewa da ci gaban shukar kankana fiye da sau 6 ko 7. Akwai mahimman abubuwa guda uku a cikin aikace-aikacen fasahar LED a cikin masana'antar noman kankana

1. Rabo na haske ja da shuɗi yana da mahimmanci. Ba za a iya haskaka farkon girma na 'ya'yan kankana ta LED girma haske tare da babban haske mai shuɗi ba, in ba haka ba zai shafi ci gaban gaba.

2. Hasken haske yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan bambance-bambancen kwayoyin halitta da gabobin tsire-tsire na kankana. Ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi yana sa tsire-tsire suyi ƙarfi; raunin haske mai rauni yana sa tsire-tsire suyi girma a banza.

3. A cikin mataki na seedling, idan aka kwatanta da tsire-tsire tare da ƙananan haske a ƙasa da 120 μ mol / m2 · s, tsire-tsire masu haske fiye da 150 μ mol / m2 · s sun girma a hankali lokacin da suka koma gonar gona.

Girman tsire-tsire na kankana shine mafi kyawun lokacin da rabon ja zuwa shuɗi ya kasance 5: 1. Dangane da tasirin haske mai launin shuɗi da haske mai ja akan tsire-tsire, mafi kyawun hanyar haskakawa ita ce haɓaka ƙimar shuɗi daidai a farkon matakin girma na seedling, da ƙara ƙarin haske mai ja a ƙarshen matakin girma na seedling; yi amfani da haske mai rauni a farkon matakin, sannan yi amfani da haske mai ƙarfi a ƙarshen mataki.