Tushen Labari: Mujallar Binciken Injinan Noma;

Marubuci: Yingying Shan, Xinmin Shan, Song Gu.

Kankana, a matsayin amfanin gona na tattalin arziki na yau da kullun, tana da babban buƙata a kasuwa da kuma buƙatun inganci mai yawa, amma noman shukarta yana da wahala ga kankana da eggplant. Babban dalili shine: kankana amfanin gona ne mai sauƙin son shuka. Idan babu isasshen haske bayan an karya ƙwayar kankana, za ta yi girma sosai kuma ta samar da tsire-tsire masu tsayi, wanda hakan ke shafar ingancin shuka da kuma girmanta daga baya. Kankana daga shuka zuwa shuka yana faruwa ne tsakanin Disamba na wannan shekarar da Fabrairu na shekara mai zuwa, wanda shine lokacin da yanayin zafi mafi ƙanƙanta, haske mafi rauni da kuma cuta mafi tsanani. Musamman a kudancin China, ya zama ruwan dare gama gari cewa babu hasken rana na tsawon kwanaki 10 zuwa rabin wata a farkon bazara. Idan akwai yanayin girgije da dusar ƙanƙara akai-akai, har ma zai haifar da adadi mai yawa na tsire-tsire da suka mutu, wanda zai kawo babbar illa ga asarar tattalin arzikin manoma.

Yadda ake amfani da tushen hasken wucin gadi, misali hasken LED, don amfani da "takin zamani mai sauƙi" ga amfanin gona, gami da 'ya'yan kankana a ƙarƙashin rashin isasshen hasken rana, don cimma manufar ƙara yawan amfanin gona, inganci mai kyau, inganci mai kyau, juriya ga cututtuka da kuma rashin gurɓataccen iska yayin da ake haɓaka girma da haɓaka amfanin gona, shine babban jagorar bincike na masana kimiyyar samar da amfanin gona tsawon shekaru da yawa.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, binciken ya ƙara gano cewa bambancin rabon hasken ja da shuɗi shi ma ya yi tasiri sosai kan girman shukar shuka. Misali, mai bincike Tang Dawei da wasu sun gano cewa R / b = 7:3 shine mafi kyawun rabon haske ja da shuɗi don girman shukar kokwamba; mai bincike Gao Yi da wasu sun nuna a cikin takardarsu cewa tushen haske mai gauraye R / b = 8:1 shine mafi dacewa da tsarin ƙarin haske don girman shukar Luffa.

A da, wasu mutane sun yi ƙoƙarin amfani da hanyoyin hasken wucin gadi kamar fitilun fluorescent da fitilun sodium don gudanar da gwaje-gwajen shuka, amma sakamakon bai yi kyau ba. Tun daga shekarun 1990, an gudanar da bincike kan noman shuka ta amfani da fitilun girma na LED a matsayin ƙarin hanyoyin haske.

Fitilun LED masu girma suna da fa'idodin adana makamashi, kariyar muhalli, aminci da aminci, tsawon rai na sabis, ƙaramin girma, nauyi mai sauƙi, ƙarancin samar da zafi da kyakkyawan watsa haske ko sarrafa haɗin kai. Ana iya haɗa shi gwargwadon buƙatun samun haske mai haske da kuma yanayin haɗin kai, kuma ingantaccen amfani da kuzarin haske zai iya kaiwa kashi 80% - 90%. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi kyawun tushen haske a noma.

A halin yanzu, an gudanar da bincike mai yawa kan noman shinkafa, kokwamba da alayyafo tare da tushen hasken LED mai tsabta a China, kuma an sami ci gaba kaɗan. Duk da haka, ga 'ya'yan kankana waɗanda ke da wahalar girma, fasahar da ake amfani da ita a yanzu har yanzu tana kan matakin hasken halitta, kuma ana amfani da hasken LED ne kawai a matsayin tushen ƙarin haske.

Dangane da matsalolin da ke sama, wannan takarda za ta yi ƙoƙarin amfani da hasken LED a matsayin tushen haske mai tsabta don nazarin yuwuwar kiwo na 'ya'yan kankana da kuma mafi kyawun rabon kwararar haske don inganta ingancin 'ya'yan kankana ba tare da dogaro da hasken rana ba, don samar da tushen ka'ida da tallafin bayanai don sarrafa hasken 'ya'yan kankana a wurare.

A.Tsarin gwaji da sakamako

1. Kayan gwaji da kuma maganin sauƙi

An yi amfani da kankana ZAOJIA 8424 a gwajin, kuma hanyar shuka ita ce Jinhai Jinjin 3. An zaɓi wurin gwajin a masana'antar hasken LED grow light a birnin Quzhou kuma an yi amfani da kayan aikin hasken LED grow growing a matsayin tushen hasken gwaji. Gwajin ya ɗauki tsawon zagaye 5. Lokacin gwaji ɗaya shine kwanaki 25 daga jiƙa iri, tsiro zuwa girman shuka. Lokacin daukar hoto shine awanni 8. Zafin cikin gida shine 25 ° zuwa 28 ° a rana (7:00-17:00) da kuma 15 ° zuwa 18 ° da yamma (17:00-7:00). Danshin yanayi shine 60% - 80%.

Ana amfani da beads na LED masu launin ja da shuɗi a cikin na'urar hasken LED, tare da tsawon ja na 660nm da tsawon shuɗi na 450nm. A cikin gwajin, an yi amfani da hasken ja da shuɗi tare da rabon kwararar haske na 5:1, 6:1 da 7:13 don kwatantawa.

2. Ma'aunin aunawa da hanyarsa

A ƙarshen kowace zagaye, an zaɓi iri 3 bazuwar don gwajin ingancin iri. Fihirisar ta haɗa da nauyin busasshe da sabo, tsayin shuka, diamita na tushe, adadin ganye, takamaiman yankin ganye da tsawon tushen. Daga cikinsu, ana iya auna tsayin shuka, diamita na tushe da tsawon tushen ta hanyar amfani da caliper na vernier; ana iya ƙidaya lambar ganye da lambar tushen da hannu; ana iya ƙididdige nauyin busasshe da sabo da takamaiman yankin ganye ta hanyar ruler.

3. Nazarin kididdiga na bayanai

4. Sakamako

An nuna sakamakon gwajin a cikin Jadawali na 1 da kuma siffofi na 1-5.

Daga teburi na 1 da hoto na 1-5, za a iya gani cewa tare da ƙaruwar rabon haske da wucewa, nauyin busasshen sabo yana raguwa, tsayin shuka yana ƙaruwa (akwai wani abu mai tsayi mara amfani), saiwar shukar tana ƙara sirara da ƙanƙanta, yankin ganyen takamaiman yana raguwa, kuma tsawon tushen ya yi gajarta da gajarta.

B.Binciken sakamako da kimantawa

1. Idan rabon haske zuwa wucewa ya kai 5:1, girman shukar kankana shine mafi kyau.

2. Ƙarancin tsiron da hasken LED ke haskakawa tare da babban rabon hasken shuɗi yana nuna cewa hasken shuɗi yana da tasirin hana ci gaban shuka, musamman akan tushen shuka, kuma ba shi da wani tasiri a kan ci gaban ganye; hasken ja yana haɓaka ci gaban shuka, kuma shukar tana girma da sauri lokacin da rabon hasken ja ya yi girma, amma tsawonsa a bayyane yake, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2.

3. Shuke-shuke yana buƙatar rabo daban-daban na hasken ja da shuɗi a lokutan girma daban-daban. Misali, 'ya'yan kankana suna buƙatar ƙarin haske shuɗi a matakin farko, wanda zai iya hana girman tsiron yadda ya kamata; amma a matakin ƙarshe, yana buƙatar ƙarin haske ja. Idan rabon hasken shuɗi ya ci gaba da girma, shukar za ta kasance ƙarami kuma gajere.

4. Ƙarfin hasken 'ya'yan kankana a farkon matakin ba zai iya yin ƙarfi sosai ba, wanda hakan zai shafi girman 'ya'yan itacen daga baya. Hanya mafi kyau ita ce amfani da haske mai rauni a farkon matakin sannan a yi amfani da haske mai ƙarfi daga baya.

5. Za a tabbatar da ingantaccen hasken LED mai girma. An gano cewa idan ƙarfin hasken ya yi ƙasa sosai, girman shukar yana da rauni kuma yana da sauƙin girma a banza. Ya kamata a tabbatar da cewa hasken girma na yau da kullun na shukar ba zai iya zama ƙasa da 120wml ba; duk da haka, canjin yanayin girma na shukar tare da yawan haske ba a bayyane yake ba, kuma yawan amfani da makamashi yana ƙaruwa, wanda ba zai dace da amfani da masana'anta a nan gaba ba.

CSakamako

Sakamakon ya nuna cewa yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da hasken LED mai tsabta don shuka 'ya'yan kankana a cikin ɗaki mai duhu, kuma kwararar haske mai haske 5:1 ta fi taimakawa wajen girma 'ya'yan kankana fiye da sau 6 ko 7. Akwai muhimman abubuwa uku a cikin amfani da fasahar LED wajen noman 'ya'yan kankana a masana'antu.

1. Rabon hasken ja da shuɗi yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Ba za a iya haskaka farkon girman 'ya'yan kankana ta hanyar hasken LED mai girma da shuɗi ba, in ba haka ba zai shafi girman daga baya.

2. Ƙarfin haske yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan bambance-bambancen ƙwayoyin halitta da gabobin tsirrai na kankana. Ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi yana sa tsire-tsire su yi ƙarfi; ƙarancin haske yana sa tsire-tsire su yi girma a banza.

3. A matakin shuka, idan aka kwatanta da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfin haske ƙasa da 120 μ mol / m2 · s, tsire-tsire masu ƙarfin haske sama da 150 μ mol / m2 · s suna girma a hankali lokacin da suka ƙaura zuwa gonar.

Girman 'ya'yan kankana ya fi kyau lokacin da rabon ja zuwa shuɗi ya kasance 5:1. Dangane da tasirin haske shuɗi da ja akan tsire-tsire daban-daban, hanya mafi kyau ta haskakawa ita ce ƙara yawan hasken shuɗi yadda ya kamata a farkon matakin girma na shuka, da kuma ƙara ƙarin haske ja a ƙarshen matakin girma na shuka; yi amfani da haske mai rauni a farkon matakin, sannan yi amfani da haske mai ƙarfi a ƙarshen matakin.