|Takaitacce|

Yin amfani da ryegrass a matsayin kayan gwaji, an yi amfani da hanyar al'ada ta 32-tray plug tray matrix al'ada don nazarin tasirin dasa shuki (7, 14 hatsi / tire) akan girbi uku na ryegrass da aka noma tare da hasken farin LED (na 17th, 34th). , 51 days) tasiri akan yawan amfanin ƙasa. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ryegrass na iya girma kullum a ƙarƙashin farin haske LED, kuma saurin farfadowa yana da sauri bayan yanke, kuma ana iya samar da shi bisa ga hanyoyin girbi da yawa. Yawan iri ya yi tasiri sosai akan yawan amfanin ƙasa. A lokacin yankan ukun, yawan amfanin hatsi/tire 14 ya fi na hatsi 7/tire. Abubuwan da aka samu na adadin iri biyu sun nuna yanayin raguwa na farko sannan kuma ya karu. Jimlar adadin hatsi / tire 7 da hatsi 14 / tire sune 11.11 da 15.51 kg / ㎡, bi da bi, kuma suna da yuwuwar aikace-aikacen kasuwanci.

Kaya da matakai

Kayan Gwaji da Hanyoyi

Matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin masana'antar shuka shine 24± 2 ° C, ƙarancin dangi shine 35% -50%, kuma ƙaddamarwar CO2 shine 500 ± 50 μmol / mol. An yi amfani da farar haske na LED mai girman 49 cm × 49 cm don haskakawa, kuma an sanya hasken panel 40 cm sama da tiren filogi. Matsakaicin matrix shine peat: perlite: vermiculite = 3: 1: 1, ƙara ruwa mai narkewa don haɗawa daidai, daidaita abun ciki na ruwa zuwa 55% ~ 60%, kuma adana shi don 2 ~ 3 hours bayan matrix ya cika ruwa. sa'an nan kuma shigar da shi a ko'ina cikin 54 cm × 28 cm a cikin filogi mai ramin 32. Zabi tsaba masu dunƙule kuma masu girma dabam don shuka.

Tsarin Gwaji

An saita ƙarfin haske na farin LED zuwa 350 μmol / (㎡ / s), rarrabawar yanayin kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi, lokacin duhu-duhun 16 h / 8 h, kuma lokacin haske shine 5:00 ~ 21:00. An saita nau'ikan iri biyu na hatsi 7 da 14 / rami don shuka. A cikin wannan gwaji, an shuka iri a ranar Nuwamba 2, 2021. Bayan shuka, an shuka su a cikin duhu. An fara haskakawa a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba. A lokacin lokacin noman haske, an ƙara maganin gina jiki na Hoagland a cikin tire na seedling.

Spectrum don hasken farin LED

Alamun Girbi da Hanyoyi

Lura da cewa lokacin da matsakaicin tsayin tsire-tsire ya kai tsayin hasken panel, girbe shi. An yanke su ne a ranar 22 ga watan Nuwamba, 9 ga Disamba da 26 ga Disamba, tare da tazarar kwanaki 17. Tsawon kututturen ya kasance 2.5± 0.5 cm, kuma an zaɓi tsire-tsire a cikin ramuka 3 ba da gangan ba yayin girbi, kuma an auna ciyawar da aka girbe kuma an ƙididdige yawan amfanin ƙasa a kowace murabba'in mita a cikin tsari (1). Haɓaka, W shine tarin sabon nauyi na kowane yanki mai yanke ciyawa.

Haihuwa=(W×32)/0.1512/1000(kg/㎡)

(Yankin faranti=0.54×0.28=0.1512 ㎡) (1)

Sakamako da Nazari

Dangane da matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa, yanayin da ake samu na yawan shuka iri biyu shine amfanin gona na farko> amfanin gona na uku> amfanin gona na biyu, 24.7 g> 15.41 g> 12.35 g (ƙwaya 7/rami), 36.6 g> 19.72 g, bi da bi. 16.98g (14 capsules/rami). An sami bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci tsakanin nau'ikan shuka guda biyu a cikin yawan amfanin gona na farko, amma babu wani gagarumin bambanci tsakanin amfanin gona na biyu, na uku da yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Tasirin adadin shuka da lokutan yankan ciyawa akan amfanin ryegrass

Dangane da tsare-tsaren yanke daban-daban, ana ƙididdige zagayowar samarwa. Daya yankan sake zagayowar ne kwanaki 20; yankan biyu shine kwanaki 37; kuma yankan uku shine kwanaki 54. Yawan tsaba na hatsi 7/rami yana da mafi ƙarancin yawan amfanin ƙasa, kawai 5.23 kg/㎡. Lokacin da adadin tsaba ya kasance hatsi 14 / ramuka, yawan yawan amfanin gona na 3 ya kasance 15.51 kg / ㎡, wanda shine kusan sau 3 yawan amfanin gona na hatsi 7 / rami na 1 lokaci, kuma ya fi girma fiye da sauran lokutan yankan. Tsawon yanayin girma na yanke uku ya ninka sau 2.7 na yanke guda ɗaya, amma yawan amfanin gona ya kasance kusan sau 2 kawai na yanke ɗaya. Babu wani bambanci mai mahimmanci a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa lokacin da yawan tsaba ya kasance 7 hatsi / ramuka yankan sau 3 da 14 hatsi / ramin yankan sau 2, amma bambancin sake zagayowar samarwa tsakanin hanyoyin biyu shine kwanaki 17. Lokacin da aka yanke hatsi 14/rami sau ɗaya, yawan amfanin ƙasa bai bambanta da na hatsi 7/rami da aka yanke sau ɗaya ko sau biyu ba.

Tushen ryegrass an yanka sau 1-3 a ƙarƙashin ƙimar iri biyu

A cikin samarwa, yakamata a ƙirƙira madaidaitan adadin shelves, tsayin shiryayye, da ƙimar iri don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa kowace yanki, kuma yakamata a haɗa yankan kan lokaci tare da kimanta ingancin abinci mai gina jiki don haɓaka ingancin samfur. Hakanan ya kamata a yi la'akari da tsadar tattalin arziki kamar iri, aiki, da sabbin ciyawa. A halin yanzu, masana'antar kiwo kuma suna fuskantar matsaloli na tsarin rarraba kayayyaki mara kyau da ƙarancin kasuwancin kasuwanci. Za a iya yada shi ne kawai a yankunan gida, wanda ba shi da amfani don gane haɗuwar ciyawa da dabbobi a fadin kasar. Shuka ma'aikata samar ba zai iya kawai rage girbi sake zagayowar na ryegrass, inganta fitarwa kudi da naúrar yankin, da kuma cimma shekara-shekara samar da sabo ciyawa, amma kuma iya gina masana'antu bisa ga labarin kasa rarraba da masana'antu sikelin na dabba kiwo, rage dabaru farashin.

Takaitawa

Don taƙaitawa, yana yiwuwa a samar da ryegrass a ƙarƙashin na'urar hasken LED. Abubuwan da aka samu na hatsi/rami 7 da hatsi 14/rami duk sun fi na amfanin gona na farko, suna nuna irin wannan yanayin na raguwar farko sannan kuma ya karu. Abubuwan da aka samu na adadin iri biyu sun kai 11.11 kg/㎡ da 15.51 kg/㎡ a kwanaki 54. Saboda haka, samar da ryegrass a cikin masana'antun shuka yana da damar yin amfani da kasuwanci.

Marubuci: Yanqi Chen, Wenke Liu.

Bayanin ambato:

Yanqi Chen, Wenke Liu. Tasirin ƙimar iri akan yawan amfanin gonar ryegrass a ƙarƙashin farin farin LED [J]. Fasahar Injiniyan Aikin Noma, 2022, 42(4): 26-28.