Mawallafi: Yamin Li da Houcheng Liu, da dai sauransu, daga Kwalejin Aikin Noma, Jami'ar Aikin Noma ta Kudancin China

Tushen Labari: Ganyen Noma

Nau'o'in wuraren aikin gonakin kayan aikin sun haɗa da filayen filastik filastik, wuraren shayar da hasken rana, wuraren shakatawa masu yawa, da masana'antar shuka.Saboda gine-ginen gine-gine suna toshe hanyoyin hasken halitta zuwa wani matsayi, babu isasshen hasken cikin gida, wanda hakan ke rage amfanin gona da inganci.Don haka, ƙarin hasken yana taka rawar da ba dole ba a cikin kayan amfanin gona masu inganci da yawan amfanin gona na wurin, amma kuma ya zama babban abin da ke haifar da karuwar amfani da makamashi da tsadar aiki a wurin.

Na dogon lokaci, tushen hasken wucin gadi da aka yi amfani da su a fagen aikin gonakin kayan aikin musamman sun haɗa da fitilar sodium mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, fitilar fitila, fitilar halogen ƙarfe, fitilar wuta, da sauransu. manyan abubuwan da ba su da amfani su ne samar da zafi mai yawa, yawan amfani da makamashi da tsadar aiki.Haɓakawa na sabon ƙarni na haske mai fitar da diode (LED) yana ba da damar yin amfani da ƙarancin makamashi mai haske na wucin gadi a fagen aikin gonaki.LED yana da abũbuwan amfãni na high photoelectric hira yadda ya dace, DC ikon, kananan girma, tsawon rai, low makamashi amfani, kafaffen igiyar ruwa, low thermal radiation da muhalli kariya.Idan aka kwatanta da fitilun sodium mai ƙarfi da fitilar kyalli da aka saba amfani da su a halin yanzu, LED ba zai iya daidaita yawan haske da inganci kawai ba (matsayin nau'ikan hasken band daban-daban) bisa ga buƙatun ci gaban shuka, kuma yana iya lalata tsire-tsire a nesa kusa saboda. zuwa haskensa mai sanyi, Don haka, ana iya inganta adadin yadudduka na noma da ƙimar amfani da sararin samaniya, kuma ayyukan ceton makamashi, kare muhalli da ingantaccen amfani da sararin samaniya waɗanda ba za a iya maye gurbinsu da tushen hasken gargajiya ba.

Dangane da waɗannan fa'idodin, LED ya sami nasarar amfani da shi a cikin hasken wutar lantarki na kayan lambu, bincike na asali na yanayin sarrafawa, al'adun nama na shuka, shuka masana'antar shuka da yanayin yanayin sararin samaniya.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, aikin hasken wutar lantarki na LED yana inganta, farashin yana raguwa, kuma ana haɓaka kowane nau'i na samfurori tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun raƙuman ruwa a hankali, don haka aikace-aikacensa a fagen noma da ilmin halitta zai fi girma.

Wannan labarin ya taƙaita matsayin bincike na LED a fagen aikin gonakin kayan aikin, yana mai da hankali kan aikace-aikacen ƙarin haske na LED a cikin kafuwar hasken ilmin halitta, LED girma fitilu akan ƙirƙirar hasken shuka, ingancin abinci mai gina jiki da tasirin jinkirta tsufa, gini da aikace-aikacen. na dabarar haske, da kuma nazari da kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu da kuma abubuwan da ake samu na fasahar ƙarin hasken LED.

Tasirin ƙarin haske na LED akan haɓakar amfanin gonakin lambu

Tasirin tsari na haske akan girma da haɓaka shuka sun haɗa da germination iri, haɓakar kara, ganye da ci gaban tushen, phototropism, haɓakar chlorophyll da bazuwar, da shigar fure.Abubuwan mahalli na hasken wuta a cikin kayan aiki sun haɗa da ƙarfin haske, zagayowar haske da rarrabawar gani.Ana iya daidaita abubuwan ta hanyar ƙarin haske na wucin gadi ba tare da iyakancewar yanayin yanayi ba.

A halin yanzu, akwai aƙalla nau'ikan photoreceptors iri uku a cikin shuke-shuke: phytochrome (shanye haske ja da haske mai nisa), cryptochrome (shanye hasken shuɗi da kusa da hasken ultraviolet) da UV-A da UV-B.Yin amfani da ƙayyadaddun tushen haske na tsawon lokaci don haskaka amfanin gona na iya inganta ingantaccen ingancin shuke-shuke, haɓaka yanayin yanayin haske, da haɓaka haɓaka da haɓaka tsirrai.An yi amfani da haske mai haske na orange (610 ~ 720 nm) da haske mai launin shuɗi (400 ~ 510 nm) a cikin photosynthesis na shuka.Yin amfani da fasahar LED, hasken monochromatic (kamar haske mai haske tare da kololuwar 660nm, haske mai shuɗi tare da kololuwar 450nm, da dai sauransu) ana iya haskakawa a cikin layi tare da mafi girman rukunin sha na chlorophyll, kuma faɗin yanki na yanki shine kawai ± 20 nm.

A halin yanzu an yi imani da cewa hasken ja-orange zai taimaka wajen hanzarta ci gaban tsire-tsire, inganta tarin busassun kwayoyin halitta, samuwar kwararan fitila, tubers, kwararan fitila da sauran gabobin shuka, haifar da tsire-tsire zuwa fure da ba da 'ya'ya a baya, da wasa. muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta launi na shuka;Blue da violet haske iya sarrafa phototropism na ganye ganye, inganta stomata budewa da chloroplast motsi, hana kara elongation, hana shuka tsawo, jinkirta shuka flowering, da kuma inganta ci gaban vegetative gabobin;Haɗin LEDs ja da shuɗi na iya rama ƙarancin haske na launi ɗaya na biyun kuma su samar da kololuwar ɗaukar hoto wanda ya dace da amfanin gona photosynthesis da ilimin halittar jiki.Matsakaicin amfani da makamashin haske zai iya kaiwa 80% zuwa 90%, kuma tasirin ceton makamashi yana da mahimmanci.

An sanye shi da ƙarin fitilun LED a cikin kayan aikin gona na kayan aikin na iya samun gagarumin haɓakar samarwa.Nazarin ya nuna cewa adadin 'ya'yan itace, jimlar fitarwa da nauyin kowane tumatir ceri a ƙarƙashin ƙarin haske na 300 μmol / (m²·s) LED tubes da LED tubes na 12h (8:00-20:00) suna da mahimmanci. ya karu.Ƙarin hasken fitilun LED ya ƙaru da 42.67%, 66.89% da 16.97% bi da bi, kuma ƙarin hasken fitilun LED ya ƙaru da 48.91%, 94.86% da 30.86% bi da bi.Hasken ƙarin hasken LED na LED yana haɓaka ƙayyadaddun haske a duk tsawon lokacin girma [rabo na ja da haske shuɗi shine 3:2, kuma ƙarfin hasken shine 300 μmol / (m²·s)] na iya haɓaka ingancin 'ya'yan itace guda ɗaya da yawan amfanin ƙasa. kowane yanki na chiehwa da eggplant.Chikuquan ya karu da kashi 5.3% da 15.6%, sannan eggplant ya karu da kashi 7.6% da 7.8%.Ta hanyar ingancin haske na LED da ƙarfinsa da tsawon lokacin duk lokacin girma, za'a iya rage sake zagayowar ci gaban shuka, yawan amfanin ƙasa na kasuwanci, ingancin abinci mai gina jiki da ƙimar samfuran noma za'a iya inganta, da ingantaccen inganci, ceton kuzari za a iya samun hazaka na samar da kayan amfanin gona na kayan lambu.

Aikace-aikacen hasken ƙarin haske na LED a cikin noman seedling kayan lambu

Daidaita tsarin halittar shuka da haɓakawa da haɓaka ta hanyar hasken LED shine fasaha mai mahimmanci a fagen noman greenhouse.Tsirrai mafi girma na iya hankalta da karɓar siginar haske ta hanyar tsarin ɗaukar hoto kamar phytochrome, cryptochrome, da photoreceptor, da gudanar da canje-canjen ilimin halittar jiki ta hanyar manzannin intracellular don daidaita kyallen jikin shuka da gabobin.Photomorphogenesis yana nufin cewa tsire-tsire suna dogara da haske don sarrafa bambance-bambancen tantanin halitta, sauye-sauye na tsari da aiki, da kuma samuwar kyallen takarda da gabobin, gami da tasiri akan germination na wasu tsaba, haɓakar mamayar apical, hana haɓakar toho na gefe, kara elongation. , da tropism.

Noman seedling na kayan lambu muhimmin sashi ne na noman kayan aiki.Ci gaba da yanayin ruwan sama zai haifar da rashin isasshen haske a cikin ginin, kuma tsire-tsire suna da wuyar tsawaitawa, wanda zai shafi ci gaban kayan lambu, bambance-bambancen furen fure da haɓakar 'ya'yan itace, kuma a ƙarshe yana shafar amfanin su da ingancinsu.A cikin samarwa, ana amfani da wasu masu kula da haɓakar tsire-tsire, irin su gibberellin, auxin, paclobutrasol da chlormequat, don daidaita girman tsiron.Duk da haka, rashin amfani da masu kula da ci gaban shuka zai iya gurɓata muhallin kayan lambu da kayan aiki cikin sauƙi, lafiyar ɗan adam ba ta da kyau.

Ƙarin haske na LED yana da fa'idodi na musamman na ƙarin haske, kuma hanya ce mai yuwuwa don amfani da ƙarin hasken LED don haɓaka tsiro.A cikin hasken ƙarin hasken LED [25 ± 5 μmol / (m² · s)] gwajin da aka gudanar a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙarancin haske [0 ~ 35 μmol / (m²·s)], an gano cewa hasken kore yana haɓaka haɓakawa da haɓakar kokwamba seedlings.Hasken ja da haske mai shuɗi yana hana ci gaban seedling.Idan aka kwatanta da haske mai rauni na halitta, ƙaƙƙarfan ma'aunin seedling na tsire-tsire da ke cike da haske ja da shuɗi ya karu da 151.26% da 237.98%, bi da bi.Idan aka kwatanta da ingancin haske na monochromatic, fihirisar tsirrai masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke ƙunshe da abubuwan jan ƙarfe da shuɗi a ƙarƙashin kulawar ƙarin hasken fili ya karu da 304.46%.

Ƙara ja haske zuwa kokwamba seedlings iya ƙara yawan gaskiya ganye, ganye yankin, shuka tsawo, kara diamita, bushe da kuma sabo ne quality, karfi seedling index, tushen vitality, SOD aiki da mai narkewa gina jiki abun ciki na kokwamba seedlings.Ƙarin UV-B na iya ƙara abun ciki na chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b da carotenoids a cikin ganyayyakin kokwamba.Idan aka kwatanta da na halitta haske, supplementing ja da blue LED haske iya muhimmanci ƙara leaf yankin, bushe al'amarin ingancin da karfi seedling index na tumatir seedlings.Ƙarin haske mai haske na LED da haske mai haske yana ƙaruwa da girma da tsayi da kauri na seedlingsan tumatir.The LED kore haske ƙarin haske jiyya iya muhimmanci ƙara biomass na kokwamba da tumatir seedlings, da kuma sabo da bushe nauyi na seedlings yana ƙaruwa tare da karuwa da koren haske kari haske tsanani, yayin da lokacin farin ciki kara da karfi seedling index na tumatir. tsire-tsire duk suna bin hasken ƙarin hasken kore.Ƙara ƙarfin yana ƙaruwa.A hade da LED ja da blue haske iya ƙara kara kauri, ganye yankin, bushe nauyi na dukan shuka, tushen zuwa harbi rabo, da kuma karfi seedling index of eggplant.Idan aka kwatanta da farin haske, LED ja haske iya ƙara biomass na kabeji seedlings da kuma inganta elongation girma da ganye fadada na kabeji seedlings.LED blue haske inganta lokacin farin ciki girma, bushe kwayoyin jari da kuma karfi seedling index na kabeji seedlings, da kuma sa kabeji seedlings dwarf.Sakamakon da ke sama ya nuna cewa fa'idodin tsire-tsire na kayan lambu waɗanda aka horar da su tare da fasahar kayyade haske a bayyane suke.

Tasirin ƙarin haske na LED akan ingancin abinci mai gina jiki na 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari

Protein, sukari, Organic acid da bitamin da ke cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari sune kayan abinci mai gina jiki waɗanda ke da amfani ga lafiyar ɗan adam.Ingancin haske zai iya rinjayar abun ciki na VC a cikin tsire-tsire ta hanyar daidaita ayyukan haɗin gwiwar VC da kuma lalata enzyme, kuma yana iya daidaita tsarin metabolism na furotin da ƙwayar carbohydrate a cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.Hasken ja yana inganta tarin carbohydrate, maganin haske mai launin shuɗi yana da amfani ga samuwar furotin, yayin da haɗuwa da haske mai launin ja da shuɗi zai iya inganta ingancin abinci mai gina jiki na tsire-tsire fiye da na monochromatic haske.

Ƙara launin ja ko shuɗi mai haske na LED zai iya rage abun ciki na nitrate a cikin letas, ƙara launin shuɗi ko koren haske na LED zai iya inganta tarawar sukari mai narkewa a cikin letas, kuma ƙara hasken infrared LED yana taimakawa wajen tara VC a cikin letas.Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ƙarin haske mai launin shuɗi zai iya inganta abun ciki na VC da furotin mai narkewa na tumatir;ja haske da ja shuɗi mai haske haɗe-haɗe na iya haɓaka sukari da abun ciki na 'ya'yan itacen tumatir, kuma rabon sukari da acid shine mafi girma a ƙarƙashin haske mai hade ja blue;haske mai hade ja blue zai iya inganta abun ciki na VC na 'ya'yan itacen kokwamba.

phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins da sauran abubuwa a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari ba kawai suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan launi, dandano da darajar kayan 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari ba, har ma suna da aikin antioxidant na halitta, kuma suna iya hana ko cire radicals kyauta a jikin mutum.

Yin amfani da hasken shuɗi na LED don ƙarin haske na iya ƙara haɓaka abun ciki na anthocyanin na fatar eggplant da 73.6%, yayin amfani da hasken ja na LED da haɗin haske mai ja da shuɗi na iya ƙara abun ciki na flavonoids da jimlar phenols.Hasken shuɗi na iya haɓaka tarin lycopene, flavonoids da anthocyanins a cikin ƴaƴan tumatir.Haɗin haske mai launin ja da shuɗi yana haɓaka samar da anthocyanins zuwa wani ɗan lokaci, amma yana hana haɗakar flavonoids.Idan aka kwatanta da farar haske magani, jan haske jiyya iya muhimmanci ƙara anthocyanin abun ciki na letas harbe, amma blue haske magani yana da mafi ƙasƙanci abun ciki na anthocyanin.Jimlar phenol na koren ganye, leaf purple da jajayen leaf leaf ya fi girma a ƙarƙashin farin haske, ja-blue hade haske da blue haske magani, amma shi ne mafi ƙasƙanci karkashin ja haske jiyya.Ƙara hasken ultraviolet na LED ko hasken lemu na iya ƙara abun ciki na mahadi phenolic a cikin ganyen latas, yayin da ƙarin hasken kore zai iya ƙara abun ciki na anthocyanins.Saboda haka, amfani da LED girma haske hanya ce mai tasiri don daidaita ingancin abinci mai gina jiki na 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari a cikin aikin noman kayan lambu.

Tasirin ƙarin haske na LED akan rigakafin tsufa na tsire-tsire

Lalacewar Chlorophyll, asarar furotin da sauri da kuma RNA hydrolysis yayin tsiron tsiro ana bayyana su azaman tsiron ganye.Chloroplasts suna da matukar damuwa ga canje-canje a cikin yanayin haske na waje, musamman abin da ingancin haske ya shafa.Hasken ja, haske mai launin shuɗi da haske mai launin ja-blue suna da tasiri ga chloroplast morphogenesis, hasken shuɗi yana taimakawa wajen tara ƙwayar sitaci a cikin chloroplasts, kuma, hasken ja da haske mai nisa yana da mummunan tasiri akan ci gaban chloroplast.Haɗin haske mai launin shuɗi da haske ja da shuɗi na iya haɓaka haɗin chlorophyll a cikin ganyayyakin kokwamba, kuma haɗuwa da haske mai ja da shuɗi na iya jinkirta raguwar abun ciki na chlorophyll na ganye a mataki na gaba.Wannan tasirin ya fi bayyane tare da raguwar rabon haske na ja da haɓakar rabon hasken shuɗi.Abubuwan da ke cikin chlorophyll na ganyen kokwamba a ƙarƙashin LED ja da shuɗi hade da jiyya sun kasance mafi girma fiye da wanda ke ƙarƙashin ikon hasken haske da jiyya mai haske na monochromatic ja da shuɗi.Hasken shuɗi na LED yana iya ƙara ƙimar chlorophyll a/b na Wutacai da koren tafarnuwa.

A lokacin tsufa, akwai cytokinins (CTK), auxin (IAA), canjin abun ciki na abcisic acid (ABA) da canje-canje iri-iri a cikin ayyukan enzyme.Abubuwan da ke cikin kwayoyin shuka suna da sauƙin tasiri ta yanayin haske.Halayen haske daban-daban suna da tasiri daban-daban na tsari akan hormones na shuka, kuma matakan farko na hanyar watsa siginar haske sun haɗa da cytokinins.

CTK yana inganta haɓakar ƙwayoyin ganye, yana haɓaka photosynthesis na ganye, yayin da yake hana ayyukan ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease da protease, kuma yana jinkirta lalata ƙwayoyin nucleic acid, sunadaran da chlorophyll, don haka yana iya jinkirta jin daɗin ganye.Akwai ma'amala tsakanin haske da ka'idojin haɓakawa na CTK, kuma haske na iya haɓaka haɓakar matakan cytokinin na ƙarshe.Lokacin da kyallen jikin tsire-tsire ke cikin yanayin jin daɗi, abun ciki na cytokinin na ƙarshe yana raguwa.

IAA ya fi mayar da hankali a cikin sassan girma mai ƙarfi, kuma akwai ƙarancin abun ciki a cikin kyallen takarda ko gabobin tsufa.Hasken Violet na iya ƙara yawan ayyukan indole acetic acid oxidase, kuma ƙananan matakan IAA na iya hana haɓakawa da haɓakar tsirrai.

ABA an samo shi ne a cikin kyallen takarda mai laushi, balagagge 'ya'yan itace, tsaba, mai tushe, tushen da sauran sassa.Abubuwan da ke cikin ABA na kokwamba da kabeji a ƙarƙashin haɗin ja da haske mai shuɗi yana ƙasa da na farin haske da haske mai shuɗi.

Peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) sun fi mahimmanci da ƙwayoyin kariya masu haske a cikin tsire-tsire.Idan tsire-tsire suka tsufa, ayyukan waɗannan enzymes za su ragu da sauri.

Halayen haske daban-daban suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ayyukan enzyme antioxidant shuka.Bayan kwanaki 9 na jiyya na hasken ja, ayyukan APX na shukar fyade ya karu sosai, kuma aikin POD ya ragu.Ayyukan POD na tumatir bayan kwanaki 15 na haske ja da haske shuɗi ya fi na farin haske da 20.9% da 11.7%, bi da bi.Bayan kwanaki 20 na maganin hasken kore, ayyukan POD na tumatir shine mafi ƙanƙanta, kawai 55.4% na farin haske.Ƙara haske mai launin shuɗi na 4h na iya ƙara haɓaka abun ciki mai narkewa mai narkewa, POD, SOD, APX, da ayyukan enzyme CAT a cikin ganyen kokwamba a matakin seedling.Bugu da ƙari, ayyukan SOD da APX suna raguwa a hankali tare da tsawaita haske.Ayyukan SOD da APX a ƙarƙashin hasken shuɗi da haske ja yana raguwa a hankali amma koyaushe yana girma fiye da na farin haske.Jajayen haske mai haske ya rage tasirin peroxidase da ayyukan IAA peroxidase na ganyen tumatir da IAA peroxidase na ganyen eggplant, amma ya sa aikin peroxidase na ganyen eggplant ya karu sosai.Don haka, ɗaukar ingantaccen dabarar ƙarin haske na LED na iya jinkirta jinkirin yanayin amfanin gonakin kayan lambu da haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa da inganci.

Gina da aikace-aikacen dabarar hasken LED

Girma da ci gaban shuke-shuke suna da tasiri sosai ta hanyar ingancin haske da nau'o'in abun da ke ciki daban-daban.Tsarin hasken ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa kamar ƙimar ingancin haske, ƙarfin haske, da lokacin haske.Tun da tsire-tsire daban-daban suna da buƙatu daban-daban don haske da girma daban-daban da matakan haɓakawa, ana buƙatar mafi kyawun haɗakar ingancin haske, ƙarfin haske da lokacin ƙarin haske don amfanin gona da aka noma.

 ◆Rabo bakan haske

Idan aka kwatanta da farin haske da haske guda ja da shuɗi, haɗin LED ja da haske mai launin shuɗi yana da cikakkiyar fa'ida akan haɓaka da haɓakar kokwamba da seedlingsan kabeji.

Lokacin da rabo daga ja da blue haske ne 8: 2, da shuka kara kauri, shuka tsawo, shuka bushe nauyi, sabo nauyi, da karfi seedling index, da dai sauransu, suna karuwa sosai, kuma yana da amfani ga samuwar chloroplast matrix da basal lamella da fitarwa na al'amuran assimilation.

Yin amfani da haɗe-haɗen ingancin ja, koren kore da shuɗi don tsirowar jan wake yana da amfani ga tarin busasshen sa, kuma koren haske na iya haɓaka tarin busasshen ƙwayar ja.Girman ya fi fitowa fili lokacin da rabon ja, kore da shuɗi haske shine 6: 2: 1.A ja wake sprout seedling kayan lambu hypocotyl elongation sakamako shi ne mafi kyau a karkashin ja da kuma blue haske rabo na 8:1, da kuma ja wake sprout hypocotyl elongation da aka a fili hana a karkashin ja da blue haske rabo na 6:3, amma mai narkewa gina jiki. abun ciki shine mafi girma.

Lokacin da rabon ja da shuɗi mai haske shine 8: 1 don tsire-tsire na loofah, ma'anar seedling mai ƙarfi da abun ciki mai narkewa na tsire-tsire na loofah shine mafi girma.Lokacin amfani da ingancin haske tare da rabo na haske ja da shuɗi na 6:3, chlorophyll abun ciki, chlorophyll a/b rabo, da abun ciki mai narkewa na furotin na loofah sune mafi girma.

Lokacin amfani da rabo na 3: 1 na ja da haske mai launin shuɗi zuwa seleri, yana iya inganta haɓaka haɓakar tsayin tsire-tsire na seleri, tsayin petiole, lambar ganye, ingancin busassun busassun, abun ciki na VC, abun ciki na furotin mai narkewa da abun ciki mai narkewa.A cikin noman tumatir, ƙara yawan hasken haske na LED yana inganta samuwar lycopene, amino acid kyauta da flavonoids, da kuma ƙara yawan hasken ja yana inganta samuwar titratable acid.Lokacin da haske tare da rabo na ja da blue haske zuwa letas ganye ne 8: 1, yana da amfani ga tara carotenoids, da kuma yadda ya kamata rage abun ciki na nitrate da kuma ƙara da abun ciki na VC.

 ◆Ƙarfin haske

Tsire-tsire masu girma a ƙarƙashin rauni mai rauni sun fi sauƙi ga hanawa fiye da ƙarƙashin haske mai ƙarfi.Adadin net ɗin photosynthetic na tsire-tsire na tumatir yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓakar ƙarfin haske [50, 150, 200, 300, 450, 550μmol/(m²·s)], yana nuna yanayin haɓakawa na farko sannan kuma yana raguwa, kuma a 300μmol/(m²) · s) don isa iyakar.Tsayin shuka, yanki na ganye, abun ciki na ruwa da abun ciki na VC na letas ya ƙaru sosai a ƙarƙashin 150μmol/(m²·s) maganin ƙarfin haske.A ƙarƙashin 200μmol / (m²·s) ƙarfin ƙarfin haske, sabon nauyi, jimlar nauyi da abun ciki na amino acid kyauta ya ƙaru sosai, kuma a ƙarƙashin kulawar 300μmol / (m²·s) ƙarfin haske, yankin ganye, abun ciki na ruwa. , chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a+b da carotenoids na latas duk sun ragu.Idan aka kwatanta da duhu, tare da haɓakar LED girma ƙarfin haske [3, 9, 15 μmol/(m²·s)], abun ciki na chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, da chlorophyll a+b na baƙar fata sprouts ya ƙaru sosai.Abubuwan da ke cikin VC shine mafi girma a 3μmol/(m²·s), kuma furotin mai narkewa, mai narkewa da abun ciki sucrose sune mafi girma a 9μmol/(m²·s).A ƙarƙashin yanayin zafin jiki guda ɗaya, tare da haɓakar ƙarfin haske [(2 ~ 2.5) lx × 103 lx, (4 ~ 4.5) lx × 103 lx, (6 ~ 6.5) lx × 103 lx], lokacin seedling na barkono barkono. an gajarta, abun cikin sukari mai narkewa ya karu, amma abun cikin chlorophyll a da carotenoids a hankali ya ragu.

 ◆Lokacin haske

Tsawaita lokacin haske daidai zai iya rage ƙarancin haske da ke haifar da rashin isasshen haske zuwa wani ɗan lokaci, yana taimakawa tarin samfuran kayan aikin gona na kayan lambu, da kuma cimma tasirin haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa da haɓaka inganci.Abubuwan da ke cikin VC na tsiro sun nuna haɓakar haɓakawa a hankali tare da tsawaita lokacin haske (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20h/rana), yayin da abun ciki na amino acid kyauta, ayyukan SOD da CAT duk sun nuna raguwar yanayin.Tare da tsawaita lokacin haske (12, 15, 18h), sabon nauyin tsire-tsire na kabeji na kasar Sin ya karu sosai.Abubuwan da ke cikin VC a cikin ganye da ƙwanƙwasa na kabeji na kasar Sin sun kasance mafi girma a 15 da 12h, bi da bi.Abubuwan gina jiki mai narkewa na ganyen kabeji na kasar Sin ya ragu sannu a hankali, amma ciyawar ta kasance mafi girma bayan sa'o'i 15.Abin da ke cikin sukari mai narkewa na ganyen kabeji na kasar Sin ya karu a hankali, yayin da ciyawar ta kasance mafi girma a cikin sa'o'i 12.Lokacin da rabo daga ja da blue haske ne 1: 2, idan aka kwatanta da 12h haske lokaci, 20h haske jiyya rage dangi abun ciki na jimlar phenols da flavonoids a koren leaf letas, amma a lokacin da rabo na ja da blue haske ne 2: 1. da 20h haske jiyya muhimmanci ƙara dangi abun ciki na jimlar phenols da flavonoids a koren leaf letas.

Daga sama, ana iya ganin cewa nau'ikan haske daban-daban suna da tasiri daban-daban akan photosynthesis, photomorphogenesis da carbon da nitrogen metabolism na nau'in amfanin gona daban-daban.Yadda za a sami mafi kyawun tsarin haske, daidaitawar tushen hasken haske da tsara dabarun sarrafa hankali yana buƙatar nau'in shuka a matsayin wurin farawa, kuma, gyare-gyaren da ya dace ya kamata a yi daidai da buƙatun kayayyaki na amfanin gonakin lambu, burin samarwa, abubuwan samarwa, da dai sauransu. don cimma burin sarrafa hankali na yanayin haske da ingantattun kayan amfanin gona masu inganci da amfanin gona a ƙarƙashin yanayin ceton makamashi.

Matsalolin da ake ciki da kuma abubuwan da ake bukata

Babban fa'idar LED girma haske shine cewa yana iya yin gyare-gyare na haɗe-haɗe bisa ga nau'ikan buƙatu na halaye na photoynthetic, ilimin halittar jiki, inganci da yawan amfanin ƙasa daban-daban.Nau'o'in amfanin gona daban-daban da lokutan girma daban-daban na amfanin gona iri ɗaya duk suna da buƙatu daban-daban don ingancin haske, ƙarfin haske da lokacin daukar hoto.Wannan yana buƙatar ƙarin haɓakawa da haɓaka bincike na dabarar haske don samar da babbar ma'aunin tsarin haske.Haɗe tare da bincike da haɓaka fitilun ƙwararru, matsakaicin ƙimar ƙarin fitilun LED a aikace-aikacen aikin gona za a iya gane su, ta yadda za a iya adana makamashi mafi kyau, haɓaka ingantaccen samarwa da fa'idodin tattalin arziki.Aikace-aikacen LED girma haske a cikin kayan aikin gona ya nuna ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, amma farashin kayan aikin hasken LED ko na'urori yana da inganci, kuma saka hannun jari na lokaci ɗaya yana da girma.Abubuwan buƙatun haske na ƙarin kayan amfanin gona daban-daban a ƙarƙashin yanayin muhalli daban-daban ba a bayyana ba, ƙarin bakan haske, ƙarfin rashin ma'ana da lokacin girma haske ba makawa zai haifar da matsaloli daban-daban a cikin aikace-aikacen masana'antar hasken wuta.

Koyaya, tare da haɓakawa da haɓaka fasahar fasaha da raguwar farashin samarwa na LED girma haske, ƙarin hasken LED za a fi amfani da shi sosai a cikin aikin gonaki.A sa'i daya kuma, ci gaba da ci gaban tsarin fasahar karin haske na LED da hadewar sabbin makamashi za su ba da damar saurin bunkasuwar ayyukan noma, aikin gona na iyali, aikin noma na birane da na sararin samaniya don biyan bukatun jama'a na amfanin gonakin gonakin gona a wurare na musamman.